光学学报, 2019, 39 (12): 1228006, 网络出版: 2019-12-06   

基于对偶四元数构建的直线基元点云拼接方法 下载: 1014次

Line Primitive Point Cloud Registration Method Based on Dual Quaternion
作者单位
太原理工大学矿业工程学院, 山西 太原 030024
摘要
当不同测站采集的点云数据存在遮挡时,无法获取完全对应的同名点特征,导致基于点特征的点云拼接方法失效。鉴于此,以同名直线特征为拼接基元,利用对偶四元数统一表示旋转参数和平移参数,依据基准测站和待拼接测站的平面法向量相等建立一种点云拼接平差模型来迭代求解平移向量和旋转矩阵;然后根据解析几何理论求解缩放系数,并将拼接后同名直线之间的单位方向向量和矩向量偏差中误差作为评价点云拼接精度的指标。实验结果表明,该平差模型能够实现存在遮挡问题的点云拼接,且拼接后同名直线矩向量偏差中误差可降低至0.0247 m。此外,该模型不仅能保留对偶四元数不依赖参数初值、收敛速度快的优点,又能解除对直线段两端点为同名点的限制。
Abstract
The point cloud registration method that uses point features may fail owing to its inability to obtain corresponding points when the point cloud data collected by different stations has the occlusion problem. Therefore, a registration adjustment model is established in this study to iteratively calculate the translation vector and rotation matrix based on the equivalence of the plane normal vectors between the reference and unregistered stations; subsequently, the scale factor is evaluated based on the analytic geometry theory, and the medium errors with respect to the unit direction vector and moment vector deviations of the homonymous lines after registration are considered to be the indexes for evaluating the point cloud registration accuracy. The experimental results denote that the registration adjustment model can realize point cloud registration under the occlusion condition. Furthermore, the results denote that the medium errors of the moment vector deviations of the homonymous lines can be reduced to 0.0247 m after registration. This model not only retains the advantages of the dual quaternion regardless of the initial values of the parameters and the fast convergence rate, but also eliminates the restriction that the two endpoints of the lines need to be corresponding points.

柴双武, 杨晓琴. 基于对偶四元数构建的直线基元点云拼接方法[J]. 光学学报, 2019, 39(12): 1228006. Shuangwu Chai, Xiaoqin Yang. Line Primitive Point Cloud Registration Method Based on Dual Quaternion[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2019, 39(12): 1228006.

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