3 μm中红外波段脉冲光纤激光器在**、**、生物医疗、大气通信等领域有着广泛的应用前景。以石墨烯为代表的二维材料由于易于集成及实现全光纤化等无可比拟的优点而作为中红外波段可饱和吸收体备受关注。阐述了石墨烯、黑磷、拓扑绝缘体、过渡金属硫化物等二维材料的原子结构及光学特性, 分析对比了这四类二维材料用于中红外脉冲光纤激光器的作用机理及特点, 对国内外基于二维材料的中红外脉冲光纤激光器的研究进展进行了总结, 并对未来基于二维材料的中红外脉冲光纤激光器的发展前景进行了展望。

Pulse fiber lasers operating at 3 μm mid-infrared spectral region have numerous applications in defense, military, biomedicine and atmospheric communication. The graphene two-dimensional materials have drawn great attentions as saturable absorbers in the mid-infrared spectral region owing to their highlighted advantages such as convenient integration and compact all-fiber structure. We introduce the atomic structures and the optical properties of two-dimensional materials including graphene, black phosphorus, topological insulators, and transition metal sulfide. The mechanism and characteristics of the pulse mid-infrared fiber lasers based on these two-dimensional materials are introduced. Recent experimental achievements in the area of mid-infrared pulse fiber lasers utilizing two-dimensional materials are summarized. The future prospects of two-dimensional materials based pulse fiber lasers are also discussed.