分别在冷原子和室温原子系统下对电磁感应光栅(EIG)效应进行了理论研究。研究结果表明, 冷原子和室温原子的一级衍射效率分别可以达到32.5%和30%, 这两个衍射效率都非常接近正弦相位光栅的理想衍射效率。在实际情况中,冷原子系统比室温原子系统更难制备, 系统更为庞大, 且对实验要求更高, 因此, 利用室温原子实现EIG更有优势。当信号光和探测光的功率极低时, 仍然可以产生EIG效应, 且其一级衍射效率接近于理论最大值,该结论可以用来实现弱光对弱光的调控。

The electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) effect is theoretically studied under the cold atomic and room-temperature atomic systems, respectively. The study results show that the first-order diffraction efficiencies in the cold atomic system and the room-temperature atomic system can reach 32.5% and 30%, respectively. The two diffraction efficiencies are very close to the ideal diffraction efficiency of a sinusoidal grating. However, as far as the actual condition is concerned, the preparation of a cold atom system is more difficult than that of a room-temperature atomic system. Moreover, the cold atomic system is more complex and requires higher experimental conditions.Therefore, the realization of EIG with room-temperature atoms is more superior. The theoretical studies also indicate that the EIG effect can also occur with low-power signal and low-power probe beams, and the first-order diffraction efficiency is close to the theoretical maximum, which can be used to realize a weak field modulation with another weak field.