The multilongitudinal mode (MLM) high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) based on the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is constructed in Xi’an for accurate measurements of aerosol optical properties. The critical requirement of the optimal match between the free spectral range of MZI and the longitudinal mode interval of the MLM laser is influenced by the laboratory temperature, pressure, and vibration. To realize the optimal separation of aerosol Mie scattering signals and molecular Rayleigh scattering signals excited by the MLM laser, a self-tuning technique to dynamically adjust the optical path difference (OPD) of the MZI is proposed, which utilizes the maximum ratio between the received power of the Mie channel and Rayleigh channel as the criterion of the OPD displacement. The preliminary experiments show the feasibility of the MLM-HSRL with self-tuning MZI and the stable performance in the separation of aerosol Mie scattering signals and molecular Rayleigh scattering signals.

为了对重化工污染区甲醛气体进行探测，开展了差分吸收激光雷达甲醛气体浓度探测研究。基于差分吸收激光雷达原理，针对甲醛气体在中红外波段有较强的吸收波段，并考虑开放光程下大气干扰气体的影响，选择了系统的探测波长 ${\lambda _{\rm on}}$、 ${\lambda _{\rm off}}$；依据差分吸收激光雷达浓度反演方法，结合系统参数，对设计的DIAL系统的探测距离、气体浓度及干扰气体的可能影响进行了仿真研究。结果表明，该系统有望对浓度为0.017~1.5 ppm (1 ppm=10⁻⁶)，距离为0.4~1.1 km范围内的甲醛气体进行探测，相对误差小于5%，可满足对重化工污染区甲醛气体浓度探测需求。文中的研究可为应用于化工重污染区域甲醛气体无组织排放监测的中红外差分吸收激光雷达系统的研制提供理论依据和技术基础。