Single-pixel imaging can reconstruct the image of the object when the light traveling from the object to the detector is scattered or distorted. Most single-pixel imaging methods only obtain distribution of transmittance or reflectivity of the object. Some methods can obtain extra information, such as color and polarization information. However, there is no method that can get the vibration information when the object is vibrating during the measurement. Vibration information is very important, because unexpected vibration often means the occurrence of abnormal conditions. In this Letter, we introduce a method to obtain vibration information with the frequency modulation single-pixel imaging method. This method uses a light source with a special pattern to illuminate the object and analyzes the frequency of the total light intensity signal transmitted or reflected by the object. Compared to other single-pixel imaging methods, frequency modulation single-pixel imaging can obtain vibration information and maintain high signal-to-noise ratio and has potential on finding out hidden facilities under construction or instruments in work.

癌症是目前人类所面对的共同难题，降低癌症死亡率的关键是实现早期诊断。荧光寿命因对微环境的敏感性，不仅可以实现对早期癌症组织与正常组织的区分，还可以对药物治疗癌症进行监测，因此荧光寿命成像显微技术在癌症诊断方面具有巨大的应用潜力。本文介绍了荧光寿命成像显微技术的基本原理及检测方法，总结了内源性和外源性荧光团的特征及其与癌症诊断的关系，综述了近年来荧光寿命成像显微技术在神经系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、生殖系统、泌尿系统、内分泌系统以及皮肤系统等癌症诊断中的应用，讨论了荧光寿命成像显微技术在癌症诊断中的应用优势、局限性以及未来发展趋势。