We demonstrate a stable narrow linewidth single-frequency erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operating at 1.6 µm. A Fabry–Perot fiber Bragg grating and two cascaded subrings are incorporated in the main ring cavity to achieve single-frequency operation. The experimentally measured optical signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 73 dB. Furthermore, the linewidth of the EDFL is measured to be about 480 Hz by the self-built short-delayed self-heterodyne interferometry device. The laser shows superior stability, with no mode-hopping during the 60-min observation period. The proposed EDFL provides a new experimental idea for realizing a single-frequency fiber laser in the L-band.

Secret sharing is a promising technology for information encryption by splitting the secret information into different shares. However, the traditional scheme suffers from information leakage in decryption process since the amount of available information channels is limited. Herein, we propose and demonstrate an optical secret sharing framework based on the multi-dimensional multiplexing liquid crystal (LC) holograms. The LC holograms are used as spatially separated shares to carry secret images. The polarization of the incident light and the distance between different shares are served as secret keys, which can significantly improve the information security and capacity. Besides, the decryption condition is also restricted by the applied external voltage due to the variant diffraction efficiency, which further increases the information security. In implementation, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed to carefully design the phase distribution of each LC hologram. With the advantage of high security, high capacity and simple configuration, our optical secret sharing framework has great potentials in optical encryption and dynamic holographic display.

The optical rogue wave (RW), known as a short-lived extraordinarily high amplitude dynamics phenomenon with small appearing probabilities, plays an important role in revealing and understanding the fundamental physics of nonlinear wave propagations in optical systems. The random fiber laser (RFL), featured with cavity-free and “modeless” structure, has opened up new avenues for fundamental physics research and potential practical applications combining nonlinear optics and laser physics. Here, the extreme event of optical RW induced by noise-driven modulation instability that interacts with the cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering, the quasi-phase-matched four-wave mixing as well as the random mode resonance process is observed in a Brillouin random fiber laser comb (BRFLC). Temporal and statistical characteristics of the RWs concerning their emergence and evolution are experimentally explored and analyzed. Specifically, temporally localized structures with high intensities including chair-like pulses with a sharp leading edge followed by a trailing plateau appear frequently in the BRFLC output, which can evolve to chair-like RW pulses with adjustable pulse duration and amplitude under controlled conditions. This investigation provides a deep insight into the extreme event of RWs and paves the way for RW manipulation for its generation and elimination in RFLs through adapted laser configuration.

近年来，在光电对抗、激光雷达、精密测量、医疗等诸多应用的牵引下，能够同时或交替输出不同波长的激光器得到广泛关注，但是受到激光工作物质中激活粒子固有发射谱及其增益强度的限制，实现多波长激光的功率、波长和时频域的高效可控辐射具有较大难度。非线性光学频率变换技术是拓展激光波长的有效手段，具有系统灵活性强、波长调节范围宽和功率拓展性强等特点。作为一种三阶非线性光学效应，受激拉曼散射(SRS)通过介质内部的分子或晶格振动使入射的泵浦光产生一定的频移，结合其固有的放大、相位共轭、级联转换等特性，基于SRS的拉曼激光器在获得高功率、高光束质量、多波长激光输出中具有显著优势，尤其是以晶体作为拉曼增益介质的多波长激光器一直是激光领域研究的热点。文中介绍了SRS和级联拉曼转换的基本原理，归纳了典型晶体拉曼激光器的分类和基本结构，综述并讨论了基于晶体拉曼转换的多波长激光技术的研究现状。

由于水中悬浮物的散射以及水体对光的吸收，水下图像有严重的色偏、雾化以及模糊现象。针对现有基于深度学习的水下图像增强算法使用单一的卷积和上下采样方式，导致图像特征提取不充分的问题，本文构建了基于多尺度特征提取的下采样模块、上采样模块和特征提取模块，并在此基础上提出了一个基于多尺度特征提取块级联（MS-FEBC）的水下图像增强网络框架。为进一步提高网络的特征提取能力，在网络高维特征空间中添加了CBAM注意力机制。实验结果表明，与现有算法相比，本文算法有效解决了水下图像存在色偏、雾化和细节丢失等质量较低的问题，在4种客观评价指标上均有显著提升，对图像SIFT特征点检测和Canny边缘检测视觉任务的性能有明显提高。