谷胱甘肽(GSH) 是一种含有巯基的三肽分子, 参与许多细胞内生化过程, 具有抗氧化和整合解毒功能, 在生物体内以及医学, 食品等领域有着极为重要的作用。 GSH参与细胞内、 体液中的许多重要生化反应, 其在人体内含量的变化, 相应地提示了人体的健康问题。 目前对GSH的检测手段有表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）、 电化学分析、 高效液相色谱（HPLC）等, 这些方法大都操作复杂、 耗时较长或者需要昂贵的仪器。 利用一种新型荧光银纳米团簇（Ag NCs）作为探针, 通过同时分析银纳米团簇的荧光强度变化以及荧光峰位置移动实现了GSH的高精度快速检测。 在检测过程中, GSH分子与荧光探针发生化学反应, 改变了荧光探针的光化学特性, 其荧光强度因发生猝灭而减弱, 且其荧光峰位置因配体的改变也发生移动。 通过对照组实验, 我们进一步证明了所发展的检测方法对GSH目标具有很好的特异性, 综合考察荧光强度和波长的变化数据可以很好地区分GSH以及其他结构类似的分子, 同时探针对于多种盐离子及氨基酸等不敏感, 能够很好地保证检测的准确性。 我们报导的荧光探针合成步骤简单, 过程绿色环保, GSH检测的响应速度快、 光谱波动较小、 相对误差小。 进一步的研究有望实现细胞内的GSH高精度检测及成像。

Glutathione (GSH) is an important three-peptide molecule, which has the functions of antioxidation and detoxification, and plays a crucial role in the fields of biology, medicine and food science. It is involved in many important biochemical reactions in cells and body fluid, and the changes of GSH content reflect the specific health problems of human body. Current methods of GSH detection are always complicated, time-consuming and expensive instrument depended, such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), electrochemical analysis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and so on. The probe’s photochemical properties can be modified by the reaction between GSH and nanoclusters, which will result in the changes of fluorescence intensity and wavelength. In this paper, a new method to realize precise and rapid GSH detection is developed by using silver na-noclusters as a fluorescent probe, and simultaneously measures the probe’s fluorescence intensity and wavelength. The synthesis of the fluorescence probe reported in this paper possesses the advantages of steps-simple and pollution free, and the GSH detection method has faster response, more accurate measurement and smaller relative error over the traditional methods. The good specificity of GSH detection among other molecules with the similar structure is further proved in control group experiments by comparing the differences of their fluorescence intensities and wavelength. The measurement accuracy is fully assured due to the insensitivity of the probe to a variety of salt ions and amino acids. This technique can be further employed in the intracellular detection and imaging of GSH.