为了研究不同太阳大气高度的热力学特性, 具有良好成像质量的成像型光栅光谱仪是实现这个目标的重要仪器。 然而作为地基式太阳望远镜重要的终端仪器之一, 光栅光谱仪的光谱成像性能不可避免的会受到动态波前像差和系统静态像差的影响。 动态波前像差常通过在太阳望远镜系统中集成自适应光学系统进行补偿。 针对光学系统中的由装调和光学元件加工等引起的静态波前像差, 提出了一种基于自适应光学技术校正光栅光谱仪中静态波前像差的方法, 并进行了数值模拟仿真和实验验证。 实验结果表明, 校正后系统的残余波前像差RMS≈0.025λ, 此时波前像差对光谱分辨率和能量利用率的影响可忽略, 提高了光栅光谱仪的光谱成像质量, 证明了所提出的方法的有效性。 此外它具有降低光学系统装调精度和光学元件加工精度要求的优点。

To study the thermodynamics properties of the solar atmosphere with different height distribution, the imaging grating spectrometer with excellent image quality is one of the important tools to achieve this goal. However, the atmosphere turbulence can not be avoided for the imaging grating spectrometer installed in the ground-based solar telescope, and the imaging properties of the grating spectrometer will influenced by the wavefront aberration generalized by the atmosphere turbulence and the wavefront aberration generalized by the optical system adjusting errors and the optical element manufacturing errors. The atmospheric turbulence can be effectively compensated by the Adaptive Optics. To correct the wavefront aberrations of the optical system, a correction method based on Adaptive Optics is proposed, and the experiment validation is carried out to verify the feasibility of the method. The results demonstrate that the correction method proposed can effectively correct the wavefront aberration generalized by the atmosphere turbulence and the optical system aberration. The RMS value is roughly equal to 0.025λ after the Adaptive Optics correction. Besides, it has the virtue of lower the requirement of optical system adjusting errors and optical elements manufacturing errors.