为研究新型可降解育苗容器降解行为, 以改性大豆胶为基体树脂, 秸秆为增强材料热压制备的秸秆育苗容器为研究对象, 利用原位土培降解秸秆育苗容器, 采用纤维素测定仪、 傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR spectra）、 扫描电镜-X能谱（scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, SEM-EDS）以及热重（thermo-gravimetry, TG）等分析手段, 对秸秆育苗容器土培降解前后物理、 化学组分和结构变化进行表征。 研究结果表明: 与土培前秸秆育苗容器相比, 土培降解秸秆容器中纤维素、 半纤维素和木质素相对含量从29.03%, 30.44%和12.52%降低至21.43%, 21.41%和9.54%; FTIR分析表明土培降解后秸秆育苗容器中酯键和脂肪键发生断裂, 且芳香族特征峰明显减弱; SEM-EDS谱图结果证明秸秆容器中微纤丝链段、 基体树脂溶解, 材料表面发生氧化降解; TGA结果分析表明土培秸秆容器内部存在大量小分子物质, 分解后残余物耐热性提高。

This paper aimed to reveal the degradation behavior of a new type of biodegradable containers. The biodegradable containers, which was made of modified soybean adhesive and straw, was processed in situ biodegradation under natural condition. The physicochemical property and microstructure of straw nursery containers treated and untreated were characterized with Cellulose Tester, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Thermo-gravimetry Analysis (TGA), respectively. The results indicated that the content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of treated specimen decreased to 21.43%, 21.41% and 9.54% from 29.03%, 30.44% and 12.52%, respectively, comparing with those of untreated straw nursery container. FTIR analysis revealed that the ester and fat bond have been ruptured, and the aromatic characteristic peak became weakened. SEM-EDS spectrum showed the microfibril chain in the container has been fragmentation, and the soybean adhesive was also degradation. The surface of container appeared oxidization degradation. TGA analysis showed that a large number of small molecules have been produced in the process of degradation and the thermo-stability of treated samples improved.