光子学报, 2017, 46 (2): 0210002, 网络出版: 2017-02-23  

地球同步轨道碎片观测图像分级检测方法

Grading Detecting Method for Observation Images of Geosynchronous Earth Orbit Debris
作者单位
北京跟踪与通信技术研究所, 北京 100094
摘要
为了快速检测出地球同步轨道带光学观测图像中的空间碎片, 提出了一种基于信噪比的分级检测方法.首先分析实测数据, 得出观测图像中不同信噪比碎片运动相似的特性.对于高信噪比碎片, 采取帧差法快速检测, 并利用多帧图像计算速度信息; 对于低信噪比碎片, 根据高信噪比碎片检测结果得到的速度信息, 采用改进的动态规划检测方法.实际图像检测结果表明: 当递归方程的搜索窗口为5 pixel×5 pixel时, 分级检测方法检测性能最好; 当累积帧数大于5帧时, 检测时间比传统动态规划方法减少了87%以上.分级检测方法具有检测率高、虚警率低、计算量小的优势, 适合地球同步轨道带光学观测图像中空间碎片的检测.
Abstract
In order to rapidly detect the space debris in the Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) image with optical observation, a grading detecting method based on Signal-to-noise Ratio(SNR) was proposed. First, the real measured data are analyzed, and the characteristics that image velocity of different GEO debris are same is acquired. An improved dynamic programming method is proposed based on the velocity information obtained from high SNR debris, which can detect low SNR debris effectively. The results of real image show that the detection performance of the grading detecting method is the best when the search window of recursive equation is 5 pixel×5 pixel, and the detection time is reduced by more than 87% as compared with that of original algorithm when the cumulative number is greater than 5. With the advantages of high detection rate, low false alarm rate and low computational cost, the proposed method is suitable for the detection of space debris in GEO optical observation images.

谭继波, 黄建余, 王鲲鹏, 吴文堂. 地球同步轨道碎片观测图像分级检测方法[J]. 光子学报, 2017, 46(2): 0210002. TAN Ji-bo, HUANG Jian-yu, WANG Kun-peng, WU Wen-tang. Grading Detecting Method for Observation Images of Geosynchronous Earth Orbit Debris[J]. ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA, 2017, 46(2): 0210002.

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