Majorana费米子因反粒子是其本身且没有电矩和磁矩等性质而广受关注,其具有的可容错性在量子计算方面起着关键作用,能极大地提高计算机的存储能力,因而Majorana费米子成为国内外凝聚态物理界的研究热点。本文着重研究并整理Majorana费米子迄今为止的热点研究方向和相应研究进展,包括对约瑟夫森效应、量子点结构效应、Andreev反射以及Fano效应等理论模型的介绍,并对比多个相关实验的特点进行总结分析。

It has attracted great attention that the antiparticle of Majorana fermion which has no electric moment and magnetic moment is itself. Nowdays,Majorana fermion has been a hot topic in condensed matter physics at home and abroad for that the increasingly higher requirement of storage capacity of computer and the fault tolerance of Majorana fermion playing a critical role in quantum computing. The paper has mainly studied and arranges the so far hot research direction and progress of Majorana fermion,including Josephson effect, Zero Bias Conductance Peak and Fano effect, and compared, summarized and analyzed the feature of those experiments.