采用皮秒激光器在301不锈钢薄板上进行表面微结构加工, 研究了不同激光功率(7.4, 24.3, 49.3 W)、加工速度(1 000, 1 500, 2 000, 2 500 mm/s)、重复次数(1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25次)对表面刻槽宽度和深度以及形貌的影响。结果表明：随着激光功率的增加、加工速度的减小, 沟槽的宽度和深度随之增大, 热影响区增大, 沟槽边缘局部出现微小的熔融颗粒物; 随着加工重复次数的增加, 沟槽的宽度有明显提高, 但是深度却变化不明显, 当重复次数大于20次之后, 深度有了较高增加。同时, 研究了不同间距(10, 15, 20, 40, 100 μm)的条纹微结构对摩擦性能的影响, 结果表明：无织构的不锈钢片摩擦系数在0.8～0.9之间, 而织构过的表面摩擦系数明显的降低, 摩擦系数随着条纹间距的减小而减小, 尤其间距为10 μm的条纹织构使摩擦系数降到了0.1 左右, 效果显著; 且织构表面相对未织构表面摩擦系数达到稳定状态的时间较短。

Surface texturing experiments of 301 stainless steel sheets by using picosecond laser were carried out. The effects of different laser power (7.4, 24.3, 49.3 W), processing speed (1 000, 1 500, 2 000, 2 500 mm/s) and repetitions (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 times) on surface groove width, depth and morphology were investigated. The results show that with the increase of laser power and decrease of processing speed, the surface groove width, depth and the heat affected zone increase, some tiny melting particles appear locally on the edge of grooves. With the increase of repetitions, the surface groove width increases obviously, but the surface groove depth does not change obviously. When the repetitions exceed about 20 times, the surface groove depth increases obviously. The effects of different spacing (10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 40 μm, 100 μm) of groove microstructure on the properties of friction were investigated simultaneously. The results show that the friction coefficients of the area without texture is 0.8～0.9. The friction coefficients of the texture area are generally smaller than the area without texture. Friction coefficient decreases with the decrease of the groove spacing. The friction coefficients of the 10 μm spacing groove texture area drop to about 0.1. Friction coefficients of texture area are stabilized much faster than friction coefficient of no texture area.