随着对地观测技术的快速发展, 遥感卫星空间分辨力的不断提高, 星地链路传输的信息量越来越大, 码速率越来越高, 数据传输频段已经由传统的X频段扩展到Ka频段, 以满足海量遥感数据传输的需求。但Ka频段低轨遥感卫星波束非常窄, 遥感卫星地面接收系统需要具备良好的跟踪性能, 才能实现系统稳定的捕获跟踪, 保证接收数据的质量。文中通过对跟踪方式和跟踪精确度方面进行分析和论证, 优化捕获跟踪流程, 实现对低轨遥感卫星Ka频段的捕获跟踪。文中提出利用S频段跟踪引导Ka频段跟踪的方式, 高低仰角采用不同的优化流程设计, 结合高分辨力对地观测系统重大专项的先期研究内容和某地面接收站进行了设计验证, 结果表明, 可实现低轨遥感卫星Ka频段的捕获跟踪, 待时机成熟, 可进行工程应用。

With the rapid development of the earth observation technology, and the improvements on remote sensing satellite spatial resolution, the satellite and ground link transmission information content, and the bit rate, the data transmission frequency is extended from the traditional X band to Ka band, to meet the needs of remote sensing data transmission. Nevertheless, the beam width of Ka band low orbit remote sensing satellite is very narrow, the ground receiving system of remote sensing satellite needs to have a good tracking performance, in order to achieve a stable capture and tracking, to ensure the quality of the receiving data. In this paper, the tracking method and tracking precision are analyzed, the process of capturing and tracking is optimized, and the acquisition and tracking of Ka band of low orbit remote sensing satellite is realized. The method of using S band tracking to guide Ka band tracking is proposed, combined with the optimization design process of different levels of elevation. The design is verified based on the high resolution earth observation system in a preliminary research of some major projects and a ground receiving station. The results show that the tracking of the low orbit satellite Ka band can be realized.