激光与光电子学进展, 2017, 54 (12): 121402, 网络出版: 2017-12-11   

激光填粉焊接不锈钢板的性能

Property of Stainless Steel Plates by Laser Welding with Powder Filling
作者单位
1 驻天津707所军事代表室, 天津 300131
2 大连海事大学交通运输装备与海洋工程学院, 辽宁 大连 116026
摘要
对304不锈钢板进行了激光填粉焊接试验, 研究了不同焊接工艺参数对焊缝横截面形貌、抗拉强度、断口形貌的影响规律, 并获得了最优工艺参数组合。结果表明, 在试验范围内, 焊缝宽度与激光能量密度正相关。从零离焦量向正、负离焦量变化时, 上焊缝宽度增加, 下焊缝宽度减小; 低功率和零离焦量会降低试样的抗拉强度。焊接件抗拉强度随着焊接速度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势; 断口形貌随抗拉强度的增大依次表现为解理断裂台阶状, 准解理断裂河流状, 塑性断裂韧窝状。由正交试验得到的焊接最优工艺参数为:激光功率2.7 kW, 焊接速度160 mm·min-1, 离焦量+5 mm。
Abstract
The laser welding experiment of 304 stainless steels with powder filling is carried out, the effects of different laser welding process parameters on the cross-sectional morphology, tensile strength and fracture morphology of welding seam are studied, and the optimal process parameters are obtained. The results show that, in the experimental range, there is a positive correlation between the width of welding seam and the laser energy density. When the defocusing distance changes from zero to positive or negative value, the top welding seam width increases while the bottom welding seam width decreases. The low laser power and the zero defocusing distance can weaken the tensile strength of welding specimen. With the increase of welding speed, the tensile strength of specimens increases first and then decreases. With the increase of tensile strength, the fracture appearance is, in turn, manifested as a side-shaped cleavage fracture, a quasi river-like cleavage fracture, and an alveolate-dimpled plastic fracture. The optimal process parameters obtained from the orthogonal test are a laser power of 2.7 kW, a welding speed of 160 mm·min-1, and a defocusing ditance of +5 mm.

于永清, 鞠恒, 林成新, 刘志杰, 田一鸣. 激光填粉焊接不锈钢板的性能[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2017, 54(12): 121402. Yu Yongqing, Ju Heng, Lin Chengxin, Liu Zhijie, Tian Yiming. Property of Stainless Steel Plates by Laser Welding with Powder Filling[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2017, 54(12): 121402.

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