对火星沙尘气溶胶粒子进行分析, 利用对数正态分布拟合了火星沙尘的尺寸分布.分别用Mie理论和Monte Carlo方法研究了不同波长的激光在火星沙尘条件下的传输特性, 分析了火星上沙尘条件下的传输衰减、透射率和能见度随粒子质量浓度的变化关系, 给出了波长为0.55 μm时能见度随粒子质量浓度的变化曲线, 并将两种方法的计算结果进行了比较.结果表明: 随着粒子质量浓度的增加, 能见度先迅速降低后再缓慢降低并趋于2 km左右, 粒子浓度越高多次散射现象越明显, 利用Monte Carlo方法计算的能见度比Mie理论计算的结果更高.在选择的几个波长中, 沙尘条件下7.46 μm的激光传输衰减最小, 因此更适合火星无线激光通信.

The properties of the martian dust aerosols was studied, and the log-normal distribution of particle sizes was used to fit the particle size distribution of the martian dust aerosols.The transmission characteristics of laser with different wavelength were studied by using Mie theory and Monte Carlo method. Under the condition of dust, the variety of the visibility, transmissivity and attenuation with particle mass concentration was analyzed.The curve of visibility along with particle mass concentration at wavelength of 0.55 μm was given, and the calculation results of Mie theory and Monte Carlo method were compared. The results show that the visibility drops rapidly and then decreases slowly and tend to be about 2km with the increase of particle mass concentration.The higher the particle concentration is, the more obvious the phenomenon of multiple scattering is,and the visibility calculated by Monte Carlo method is higher than Mie theory. In the several selected wavelengths, the laser transmission attenuation at wavelengths of 7.46 μm is minimal under the condition of dust,so it is the most suitable for wireless laser communication on Mars.