激光无线能量传输(LWPT)技术具有传输距离长、功率密度高、转换效率高以及无需能量传输线的优势,在空间飞行器、无人机以及空间太阳能电站等方面具有潜在的应用前景。随着激光以及光伏电池技术的进一步发展,LWPT技术的可行性大大提高。介绍了LWPT技术的发展现状和趋势,分析了LWPT系统需要解决的关键技术以及激光辐照下光伏器件的响应特性,针对高功率密度、特定波长的激光专门设计并优化光电转换器件,提高光伏电池的转换效率,为LWPT技术的实际应用提供支撑。

Laser wireless power transmission (LWPT) technology has advantages such as long transmission, high power density, high conversion efficiency and dispense with energy transmission lines, and it has potential application prospects in the spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicle, space solar power station and so on. With the technology development of laser and photovoltaic cell, the feasibility of LWPT technology is greatly enhanced. We present the development status and tendency of LWPT technology and analyze the key technologies of LWPT system and the response characteristics of the photovoltaic cell under laser illumination. We design and optimize optoelectronic conversion devices for high power density and specific wavelength laser to improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells, which can support the practical application of LWPT technology.