Photonics Research, 2018, 6 (5): 05000A23, Published Online: Jul. 18, 2018   

Parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery mode nanoparticle sensor [Invited] Download: 752次

Author Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
2 Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
Abstract
We present a study of single nanoparticle detection using parity-time (PT) symmetric whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators. Our theoretical model and numerical simulations show that, with balanced gain and loss, the PT-symmetric WGM nanoparticle sensor, tailored to operate at PT phase transition points (also called exceptional points), exhibits significant enhancement in frequency splitting when compared with a single WGM nanoparticle sensor subject to the same perturbation. The presence of gain in the PT-symmetric system leads to narrower linewidth, which helps to resolve smaller changes in frequency splitting and improve the detection limit of nanoparticle sensing. Furthermore, we also provide a general method for detecting multiple nanoparticles entering the mode volume of a PT-symmetric WGM sensor one by one. Our study shows the feasibility of PT-symmetric WGM resonators for ultrasensitive single nanoparticle and biomolecule sensing.

Weijian Chen, Jing Zhang, Bo Peng, Şahin Kaya Özdemir, Xudong Fan, Lan Yang. Parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery mode nanoparticle sensor [Invited][J]. Photonics Research, 2018, 6(5): 05000A23.

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