对流层折射误差是影响雷达测量定位系统精度的主要因素之一。针对VMF1(Vienna Mapping Function 1)用于对流层折射误差修正时存在的实时性差、分辨率低的问题, 引入GPT2w模型并提供分辨率为1°×1°的相关参数, 结合Saastamoinen模型构建形成SG-VMF1模型。基于新模型和映射函数法的计算原理, 对4个IGS（International GNSS Service）测站在不同高度角时的对流层折射误差进行估算, 并与射线描迹法的计算结果进行对比分析。结果显示：以结合IGS实测气象数据的射线描迹法的计算结果为基准时, 利用SG-VMF1模型及相关理论计算的结果在高度角大于6°时RMS值可达到0.4 m, 在高度角大于30°时RMS值可达到0.1 m, 计算方法可行有效, 且具有实时性和较高的分辨率。

Tropospheric refraction error is one of the main factors that affect the accuracy of radar measurement and positioning system. In view of the poor real-time and low resolution of the Vienna Mapping Function 1 (VMF1) in refraction error correction, this paper introduces the GPT2w model that can provide some relevant parameters with a resolution of 1°×1°, and build a new model that named as SG-VMF1 by combining with the Saastamoinen model. Based on the new model and the calculation principle of the mapping function method, the tropospheric refraction error values of 4 International GNSS Service (IGS) stations at different elevation angles are estimated. The results demonstrate that when taking the results calculated by ray-tracing method based on IGS meteorological data as a reference, the RMS with the result of SG-VMF1 model and relevant calculation theory can reach 0.4 m when the elevation angle is 6°, and the RMS can reach 0.1 m when the elevation angle is greater than 30°. The new calculation method is feasible and effective, and with real-time and higher resolution.