Optoelectronics is based on the quantum mechanical effects of light on electronic materials, especially semiconductors, sometimes in the presence of electric field. Solar cell, light emitting diodes, photodetectors and fiber lasers all belong to optoelectronics devices. For these devices, the semiconductor electrode interface and materials play a vital role in improving charge carrier separation, transport and recombination pathways. Solar energy is an important clean, renewable and abundant source to meet the sustainable development of human society. In comparison to the conventional fluorescent devices, the discovery of phosphorescent organic lightemitting diodes (OLEDs) is a major breakthrough. Nowadays, OLED and LED could complement each other with their own advantages and meet different commercial requirements. It is our intention to bring the research community’s attention to these above mentioned hot topics. In this Special Issue on “Optoelectronics for Energy”, 2 review articles and 7 research articles focusing on relevant subjects are specially presented.