红外与激光工程, 2018, 47 (12): 1206008, 网络出版: 2019-01-10  

层合板激光往复扫描弯曲中翘曲变形数值模拟

Numerical simulation of warping deformation on laminated plate during reciprocating laser bending
作者单位
大连理工大学 机械工程学院 精密与特种加工教育部重点实验室, 辽宁 大连 116024
摘要
翘曲变形是影响层合板激光弯曲成形精度的重要因素, 因此研究激光往复扫描过程中的翘曲变形具有重要的实际意义。文中使用ANSYS软件, 建立不锈钢-碳钢层合板有限元模型, 通过模拟激光作用下层合板的温度场、应力场分布, 结合自由端的变形, 分析了单道往复式扫描翘曲变形机理。模拟结果表明: 随着往复扫描次数的增加, 温度场扫描线两端区域温度交替波动升高使两端热量均衡, 中间区域热累积现象使热应力增大。每次激光扫描后, 激光作用区板材下表面的残余应力场对下次扫描时的翘曲变形都有一定促进作用, 使翘曲变形增大, 1~6次扫描后弦高从0.217 mm增大到0.363 mm, 但随着扫描次数增加, 促进作用减弱, 弦高增长量略降低, 最大值为0.058 mm。对比实验数据和模拟结果, 温度场最大误差为9.85%, 翘曲线Z向位移最大误差为4.33%, 其中, 弦高误差为2.16%, 为层合板激光弯曲成形的精确控制提供了计算依据。
Abstract
In laser bending forming, the warping deformation influences forming accuracy of laminated plate. Therefore, the research of warping deformation in laser reciprocating scanning process has practical significance. Based on ANSYS software, a finite element model (FEM) was built. By simulating temperature field, stress field distribution and the free end deformation of the laminated plate, the mechanisms of warping deformation in single-pass reciprocating scanning process were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of reciprocating scanning number, a large variation of temperature makes heat energy equally distribute at both ends of scanning line, and thermal stress increases due to the cumulative effect of heat in the middle area. After each laser scanning, the residual stress on the bottom surface has an accelerating effect on warping deformation of the next scanning in laser action zone, which makes chordal height increase from 0.217 mm to 0.363 mm after scanning one to six times. However, as scanning number increases, the reduction in the promotion effect slightly decreases the growth of chordal height, and its maximum value is 0.058 mm. The max error of temperature field between the experiment and simulation is 9.85%, the max error of Z-direction displacement on warping line is 4.33% and the error of chordal height is 2.16%, which lays a solid foundation of calculation for better bending quality of the laminated plate.

李紫慧, 王续跃. 层合板激光往复扫描弯曲中翘曲变形数值模拟[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2018, 47(12): 1206008. Li Zihui, Wang Xuyue. Numerical simulation of warping deformation on laminated plate during reciprocating laser bending[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(12): 1206008.

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