光学相干断层成像(OCT)是一种基于弱相干光学断层成像技术, 可以对生物组织活体断层成像, 是继计算机X射线摄影(CR)和数字X射线摄影(DR)、超声、电子计算机断层扫描(CT)、磁共振成像(MRI)之后又一新的生物组织成像方法。OCT在眼科、皮肤科、心血管科、肿瘤科、骨科、口腔科、妇科等对组织病变的早期光学诊断和实时动态监测方面具有广泛的应用及重要的临床价值。本文就OCT的基本原理、研究现状、主要的临床应用和应用过程中存在的问题进行综述并展望未来相关的发展趋势。

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a kind of low coherence optical imaging technology, which can be used to acquire the tomographic image of imaging the biological tissue in vivo. It is a novel imaging method for biological tissue, as well as computer radiography (CR), and digital radiography (DR), ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). OCT has important clinical value in the ophthalmology, dermatology, cardiovascular imaging, oncology, orthopedics, stomatology and gynecology for early optical diagnosis and real-time dynamic monitoring of tissue lesions. The basic principles, the research status, the main clinical applications and the problems in the application process are reviewed. The future developmental trends are prospected in this review.