利用Feynman路径积分的方法,研究了第一个周期之后关闭谐振子势阱对多模式原子干涉仪动力学特性的影响机制。第一次Kapitza-Dirac脉冲产生出大量具有不同幅度值的模式。脉冲的强度决定了每个模式的幅度值以及模式的总数。外场的作用使这些模式的演化路径相对于没有外场情况下的路径发生偏离。 在第二次Kapitza-Dirac脉冲后关闭谐振子势阱,外场作用使不同模式的运动路径再次发生偏移,同时对测量时刻态密度的分布产生影响。当外场为重力场时,关闭谐振子势阱后测量精度随模式数的增加而增加,理论估算可以达到10-9。

Using the Feynman path integral,the influence of closing harmonic potential well after the second Kapitza-Dirac pulse on the dynamic evolution of multi-mode atom interferometer is investigated.Several spatially addressable modes with different amplitudes are created by the first Kapitza-Dirac pulse.The intensity of the pulse determines the magnitude of each model and the total number of models.The role of external field makes the evolution path of these models deviate from that of no external field.Turning off the harmonic potential well after the second Kapitza-Dirac pulse,the effect of external field causes the path of different models to move in space again and affects the density distribution of the measured time.When the external field is gravity field,the measurement precision increases with the increase of the number of modes after the harmonic oscillator potential well is closed,and the theoretical estimation can reach 10-9.