光电工程, 2019, 46 (2): 180457, 网络出版: 2019-03-17   

复杂背景下激光条纹中心 亚像素提取方法

Sub-pixel extraction of laser stripe in complex background
作者单位
1 福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院,福建福州 350100
2 福建省高速技术咨询有限公司,福建福州 350100
摘要
针对激光条纹中心提取的复杂背景及噪声干扰问题,提出一种自适应双阈值分割方法及改进灰度权重模型。首先对光条图像的特征及噪声来源进行分析,并采用双边滤波进行图像预处理;然后通过图像灰度直方图计算双阈值,并采用双阈值分区域处理获取二值化图像,从而提取初始条纹中心及条纹宽度;最后利用改进灰度权重模型提取激光条纹亚像素中心。将双阈值分割方法及改进灰度权重模型与传统算法进行对比,结果表明:双阈值分割方法较极值法、大津法能更加准确完整地提取激光条纹区域。对比提取的亚像素中心残差值,改进灰度权重模型 (0.23)较灰度重心法 (0.71)、极值法 (0.86)、高斯拟合法 (0.86)具有更优结果。本文方法能有效避免复杂背景以及激光条纹法线方向噪声的影响,提高中心定位精度,具有较高的抗噪能力与稳健性,适用于复杂背景下快速、精确的光条中心提取。
Abstract
The complex background and laser stripe noise affect laser stripe extraction. Adaptive double threshold segmentation method and the improved gray weight model are proposed in this study. First, the characteristics of the laser stripe and the source of noise in the image are investigated. Bilateral filter is applied to remove the noise of images. Subsequently, the gray histogram of laser image and the double threshold are computed. By sub-regional processing, initial stripe center and stripe width of binary images are obtained. Finally, the sub-pixel center of the laser strip is extracted by the proposed model. The double threshold segmentation method and the improved gray weight model are compared with the traditional algorithms. The results show that the double threshold method is more accuracy in extracting the laser stripe region than the extreme value method and the Otsu method. Comparing with the residual value of sub-pixel center, the improved gray weight model (0.23) has better results than the gray-gravity method (0.71), the extreme value method (0.86), and the Gaussian fitting method (0.86). The algorithms proposed in this study avoid the impacts of complex background and laser stripe noise, increase the accuracy of the laser stripe center positioning and extract the stripe center extraction fast and accurately in complex backgrounds.

甘宏, 张超, 李林, 罗文婷. 复杂背景下激光条纹中心 亚像素提取方法[J]. 光电工程, 2019, 46(2): 180457. Gan Hong, Zhang Chao, Li Lin, Luo Wenting. Sub-pixel extraction of laser stripe in complex background[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2019, 46(2): 180457.

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