Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2019, 12 (1): 011–3, 网络出版: 2019-09-08  

Preface to the special issue on “Multi-Dimensional Light Field Manipulation: Methods and Applications”

Preface to the special issue on “Multi-Dimensional Light Field Manipulation: Methods and Applications”
作者单位
Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
摘要
Abstract
Compared with electrons, there is one distinct feature of photons, known as multiple physical dimensions. Frequency/wavelength, time, complex amplitude and polarization are typical physical dimensions of photons. Very recently, the spatial structure of photons, the only known physical dimension left, has attracted increasing interest in full access of photons worthy of exploration. Manipulating these physical dimensions of photons enables a diversity of light related applications such as trapping, sensing, metrology, microscopy, imaging, quantum information processing and optical communications. For instance, various multiplexing techniques such as wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), time-division multiplexing (TDM) and polarization-division multiplexing (PDM) are widely used to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications. Moreover, advanced modulation formats such as m-ary phase-shift keying (m-PSK) and m-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM) encoding multiple bits information into one symbol take full use of the complex amplitude physical dimension of lightwaves to increase the transmission capacity and spectral efficiency in coherent optical communications. Additionally, tailoring the spatial structure of lightwaves benefits the generation of various special light beams having inhomogeneous amplitude, phase and polarization distribution across the light beams. Generally, these special light beams can be called structured light, also known as tailored light, shaped light, sculpted light or custom light. There are several typical examples of structured light, such as Hermite-Gaussian (HG) light beams having spatially variant amplitude distribution, twisted light beams having spiral phase front and carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), and vector light beams having spatially variant polarization distribution. Some other beams have both spatially variant amplitude and phase distribution, such as Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) and Bessel light beams. More complicated structured light may simultaneously have spatially variant amplitude, phase and polarization distribution. Even the space array light can be also considered as a general type of structured light accessing parallel spatial regions. Multi-core fiber (MCF), few-mode fiber (FMF) and multi-mode fiber (MMF) are typical fibers supporting structured light beams, i.e., different spatial mode sets of linearly polarized modes, OAM modes, eigenmodes. The space-division multiplexing (SDM) employing different spatial mode sets is considered to be the next frontier technique enabling continuous capacity scaling. Not only in optical communications, but also in other fields (such as optical trapping and manipulation), structured light has also played an increasingly important role. Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of light filed manipulation exploiting physical dimensions of photons. The trends and challenges are in-depth exploitation of each physical dimension and multi-dimensional light field manipulation.

. Preface to the special issue on “Multi-Dimensional Light Field Manipulation: Methods and Applications”[J]. Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2019, 12(1): 011–3. Jian WANG. Preface to the special issue on “Multi-Dimensional Light Field Manipulation: Methods and Applications”[J]. Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2019, 12(1): 011–3.

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