基于sigma-ε模型估计并分析了不同接收机、不同类型卫星载波相位观测量的方差分量, 发现该分量的变化与卫星的类型和接收机均有密切联系。为构建更真实的随机模型, 结合最小二乘法和MINQUE法来实时估计不同类型卫星的方差分量。然后, 通过实验对该方法的性能进行了评估, 结果表明: 相比于经验模型, 该方法在短基线的情况下能提高相对定位或方位角的精度和稳定性, 方位角精度和极差均可提高10%左右, 东、北、天3个分量的精度和极差也有约5%~10%的提升。

The carrier phase variance components from different receivers and different types of satellite were estimated based on the sigma-ε model. The results implied that the variation of these components was closely related to the types of the receivers and satellites. In order to establish more realistic stochastic model, this paper combined the least square method with MINQUE method to estimate the variance components from different type of satellites in real-time.Experiments were carried out to evaluate its performance.The results showed that: 1) In short baseline case, this method is able to improve the solution accuracy and stability of relative positioning;and 2) Compared with empirical models, the azimuth accuracy and range are improved by about 10%, and the accuracy and range in North, East, and Up directions are also improved by about 5% to 10%.