陶瓷髋关节球是人工髋关节置换手术中重要的零件之一。为了实现对陶瓷髋关节球高效、高质量的加工, 搭建了旋转超声辅助展成球面磨削装置。首先, 介绍了旋转超声辅助球面磨削加工的基本原理。接着, 针对装置的运动特性建立了磨粒运动学轨迹方程。结合运动学方程, 对加工状态下的磨粒进行了运动学轨迹分析, 深入研究了球面微观纹理的成形规律。最后, 进行了超声辅助磨削陶瓷人工髋关节球实验。实验结果表明, 在刀具转速为3 000 r/min, 工件转速为2 011 r/min的加工条件下, 面粗糙度平均值为96 nm, 线粗糙度平均值为56 nm。当陶瓷球转速和砂轮转速互为质数时, 球面表面的纹理分布更加均匀, 这为加工参数的优化提供了重要的理论依据。

The ceramic hip ball is one of the important parts in artificial hip replacement surgery. In order to realize the high-efficiency and high-quality processing of the ceramic hip ball, a rotating ultrasonic-assisted spherical grinding device was built in this study. First, the basic principle of rotary ultrasonic-assisted spherical grinding was introduced. Then, according to the motion characteristics of the device, the equation of the trajectory of the abrasive particle was established. Combined with the kinematic equation, the kinematic trajectory analysis of the abrasive grains in the processing state was carried out, the forming law of the spherical microtexture was studied in detail. Finally, an ultrasonic-assisted grinding of ceramic artificial hip joint ball experiment was performed. The results show that, at tool speed of 3000 r/min and workpiece rotation speed of 2011 r/min, the average surface roughness is 96 nm, and the line roughness average is 56 nm. When the rotational speed of the ceramic ball and grinding wheel are mutually prime, the texture distribution of the spherical surface is more uniform, which provides an important theoretical basis for the optimization of processing parameters.