应用非球面提高光学系统成像质量是镜头设计的常用手段。基于平面对称光学系统的波像差理论, 通过分析鱼眼镜头各光学面的波像差贡献, 将波像差贡献突出的光学面作为应用非球面的待选对象, 结合波像差随非球面系数的变化趋势, 确定应用非球面的光学面; 应用优化算法和基于光线点列图分布定义的评价函数优化鱼眼镜头系统。通过对一个鱼眼镜头实例进行非球面优化, 其点列图范围从全球面优化设计时的200 μm下降到100 μm, 其评价函数值下降1个数量级, 证明该方法能明显提高镜头的成像质量, 对如何有效应用非球面优化鱼眼镜头的光学系统具有借鉴意义。

Using aspheric surface to improve the imaging quality of optical system is a common means of lens design.Based on the wave aberration theory of planar symmetric optical system, the wavefront aberration contribution of the fisheye lens was analyzed. According to the variation trend of wavefront aberration with aspheric coefficient, the optical surface with outstanding wave aberration contribution was selected as the candidate for aspheric application, and then the fisheye lens system was optimized by using the optimization algorithm and the evaluation function based on the definition of the distribution of light spot diagram. By optimizing the aspheric surface of a fisheye lens example, the spot diagram range is reduced from 200 μm for the global optimization design to 100 μm, and the evaluation function value is reduced by 1 order of magnitude, which proves that the method can significantly improve the imaging quality of the lens. It can be used as a reference for how to effectively apply the aspheric surface to optimize the optical system of the fisheye lens.