电力金具是输变电工程的关键部件，在温度、风沙等环境因素作用下，因结构缺陷会导致电晕放电，最终影响输变电线路的安全运行。基于电晕试验工作平台，采用图像融合和图像处理技术，对放电光斑进行特征提取和状态评估。研究结果表明：光斑面积与放电量呈线性关系；电力金具放电阶段由电晕阶段，历经小电弧阶段，最终发展到强烈火花放电阶段；当增益为70%，观测距离为10 m时，3 个阶段的放电光斑面积分别约为1000 像素、5000 像素和10000 像素；根据紫外图像特征，电力金具的状态评估分为无缺陷，一般缺陷，严重缺陷，紧急缺陷4 个状态。该研究成果为电力金具安全评估提供技术支撑。

Electric power fittings are the critical components of power transmission and transformation structures. Under the action of environmental factors, such as temperature and sandstorm, structural defects can lead to corona discharge, which can ultimately affect the safe operation of power transmission and transformation lines. Based on the working platform of a corona test, the feature extraction and evaluation of discharge spots were carried out in this study using image fusion and image processing technology. The results prove that the relationship between the spot area and discharge capacity is linear. The discharge stages of electric power fittings develop from the corona stage to a small electric arc stage, and finally, to a strong spark discharge stage. When the observation distance is 10 m, the gain is 70%, and the discharge spot areas of three stages are approximately 1000, 5000, and 10000 pixels. Based on the characteristics of the ultraviolet image, the state of electric power fittings can be divided into four states: no defect, general defect, serious defect, and emergency defect. The study results provide technical support for the safety evaluation of electric power fittings.