Photonics Research, 2019, 7 (8): 08000890, Published Online: Jul. 25, 2019   

Optimal illumination scheme for isotropic quantitative differential phase contrast microscopy Download: 706次

Yao Fan 1,2,3†Jiasong Sun 1,2,3†Qian Chen 1,2,5Xiangpeng Pan 1,2,3Lei Tian 4Chao Zuo 1,2,3,*
Author Affiliations
1 School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
3 Smart Computational Imaging (SCI) Laboratory, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
5 e-mail: chenqian@njust.edu.cn
Abstract
Differential phase contrast microscopy (DPC) provides high-resolution quantitative phase distribution of thin transparent samples under multi-axis asymmetric illuminations. Typically, illumination in DPC microscopic systems is designed with two-axis half-circle amplitude patterns, which, however, result in a non-isotropic phase contrast transfer function (PTF). Efforts have been made to achieve isotropic DPC by replacing the conventional half-circle illumination aperture with radially asymmetric patterns with three-axis illumination or gradient amplitude patterns with two-axis illumination. Nevertheless, the underlying theoretical mechanism of isotropic PTF has not been explored, and thus, the optimal illumination scheme cannot be determined. Furthermore, the frequency responses of the PTFs under these engineered illuminations have not been fully optimized, leading to suboptimal phase contrast and signal-to-noise ratio for phase reconstruction. In this paper, we provide a rigorous theoretical analysis about the necessary and sufficient conditions for DPC to achieve isotropic PTF. In addition, we derive the optimal illumination scheme to maximize the frequency response for both low and high frequencies (from 0 to 2NAobj) and meanwhile achieve perfectly isotropic PTF with only two-axis intensity measurements. We present the derivation, implementation, simulation, and experimental results demonstrating the superiority of our method over existing illumination schemes in both the phase reconstruction accuracy and noise-robustness.

Yao Fan, Jiasong Sun, Qian Chen, Xiangpeng Pan, Lei Tian, Chao Zuo. Optimal illumination scheme for isotropic quantitative differential phase contrast microscopy[J]. Photonics Research, 2019, 7(8): 08000890.

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