Photonics Research, 2019, 7 (9): 09001094, Published Online: Aug. 26, 2019   

Towards an optimum saturable absorber for the multi-gigahertz harmonic mode locking of fiber lasers

Author Affiliations
1 Department of Physical Chemistry of Biological Systems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 42/44, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
2 Laser & Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
3 University Research Center Functional Materials, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
4 Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
Abstract
Ultra-high-pulse-repetition-rate lasers are essential for a number of applications, including, e.g., optical communication and ablation-cooled material processing. Despite several techniques to generate pulses with gigahertz-range repetition rate, incorporating mainly short-length resonators, more widespread applications are still limited by the lack of a robust, simple, and cost-effective solution. Here, we report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, fully passive harmonic mode locking in an all-polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber laser. The design guarantees a fixed polarization state and stable operation, where the cavity harmonic number is controlled by the pump power only. Self-starting operation is provided by the antimony telluride (Sb2Te3) thin-film saturable absorber (SA), which facilitates multiple pulse operation. The SA acts by means of low modulation depth, low saturation fluence, and an inverse slope in the saturable absorption curve. The optimum features of the SA and limiting factors for high-repetition-rate pulse generation in this regime of operation are discussed. As a result, 2.2 ps pulses with 3 GHz repetition rate are generated at 1560 nm wavelength. The study reports a new approach towards an optimal SA for multi-gigahertz pulse generation in practical, all-PM fiber lasers.

Jakub Bogusławski, Grzegorz Soboń, Rafał Zybała, Jarosław Sotor. Towards an optimum saturable absorber for the multi-gigahertz harmonic mode locking of fiber lasers[J]. Photonics Research, 2019, 7(9): 09001094.

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