纳米光学是光子学与纳米技术交叉产生的一个新的前沿基础方向,可以使人们在纳米尺度上操控光与物质的相互作用以及探索新的物理现象。纳米激光器是一种新型光源,有关它的研究是纳米光学领域的一个重要分支。由于其尺度特性,并且对光有着很高的限制性,近年来关于纳米激光器的研究吸引着越来越多科研工作者的注意。从激光器的微型化角度出发,综述了该领域近年来取得的一些令人鼓舞的进展。首先,对近年来成功实现的各类新型激光器及其特点进行了简述;其次,对激光器在微纳尺度出现的新物理问题进行了分析,并阐述其最新进展;最后,对纳米激光器在实现应用过程中存在的一些技术挑战进行介绍和分析。

Nanooptics is a new frontier and fundamental direction generated by the intersection of photonics and nanotechnology, which enables people to manipulate the interaction between light and matter at the nanoscale and explore new physical phenomenons. Nanolaser is a new kind of light source and its research is an important branch in the field of nanooptics. Since the feature of small size and strong confinement, nanolasers have attracted more and more attentions from researchers in recent years. In this paper, some exciting progresses in laser miniaturization are reviewed. First, we briefly describe various new types of lasers realized in recent years and their characteristics. Second, the new physical problems of micro- /nano-lasers are analyzed and the latest progresses are presented. Finally, some technical challenges in the application of nanolasers are introduced and considered.