随着医疗显示技术的进步, 医疗内窥镜摄像系统已经由主流的2D(Two Dimensions)显示向3D(Three Dimensions)显示发展, 图像清晰度也从高清(High Definition, HD)向超高清(Ultra High Definition, UHD)转变。因此, 本文设计开发了一种基于FPGA的4K(3 840×2 160)裸眼立体显示系统。首先, 系统对双路3G-SDI图像采集并进行YUV到RGB的格式转换。其次, 使用Xilinx提供的VPSS核实现图像的缩放, 同时解决高速图像数据带宽与DDR3存储器带宽间的匹配问题。最后, 通过SBS(Side by Side)的拼接方式, 将满足立体图像输出格式的视频源通过立体显示器输出。该系统从前端立体图像的采集到后端立体图像的输出, 需要经过格式变换、缩放、缓存、同步以及拼接等多个处理过程。实验结果表明, 采用参考时钟为148.5 MHz的双路SDI输入, 经FPGA的实时处理后可实现分辨率为3 840×2 160、刷新率为60 Hz的SBS拼接格式图像, 该图像可直接驱动裸眼立体显示器。

With the development of medical display technology, medical endoscope camera system has developed from the mainstream 2D (Two Dimensions) display to 3D (Three Dimensions) display, and image definition has also changed from high definition (HD) to ultra high definition (UHD). Therefore, this paper designed and developed a 4K medical stereo display system based on FPGA. Firstly, the system carried on dual 3G-SDI image acquisition and YUV to RGB format conversion. Secondly, the VPSS core provided by Xilinx was used to realize image scaling, and the matching problem between high-speed image data bandwidth and DDR3 memory bandwidth was solved. Finally, the video source satisfying the stereo image output format was output by the stereo display through the splicing mode of SBS (Side by Side). The system from the front end stereo image acquisition to the back end stereo image output, needed to go through format transformation, scaling, caching, synchronization and Mosaic and other processes. Experimental results show that the dual-channel SDI input with a reference clock of 148.5 MHz and real-time processing by FPGA can achieve a SBS Mosaic image with a resolution of 3 840×2 160 and a refresh rate of 60 Hz, which can directly drive the naked eye stereo display.