大幅面气动光学波前畸变场测量与重构

各类高速飞行器所装备的光电成像探测与侦察系统、光电跟踪瞄准系统、定向能攻击**和光通讯系统，都需要开展气动光学波前畸变场测量与校正技术研究。为此，提出大幅面气动光学波前畸变场测量与重构方法，将光束偏折位移场测量值转化为光束从摄影中心出发穿过扰流区到人工点的光程差，并研究了Zernike多项式阶数与波前畸变重构精度的关系。2 m超声速风洞中某跨大气层飞行器模型实验结果表明：该方法可以定量测量波前畸变场，测得机头与机翼的斜激波所致的波前畸变结构正确。该方法光路简单、无需使用价格昂贵的相干光源，为气动光学效应的测试及校正技术的研究提供了新途径。

Abstract

Measurement and calibration of aero-optics effects are necessary for all kinds of optical systems onboard high-speed aircraft, such as detection systems of photoelectric imaging, directed energy systems and optical communication system, etc. Therefore, a method of measurement and reconstruction for wavefront distortion field is presented, which gets the optical path difference (OPD) through measuring deviation displacement field induced by the beam from center of camera to a mark point passing through flow field, and the relationship between the order of Zernike polynomial and reconstruction precision is also investigated. The experiments of a trans-aerosphere vehicle model in 2 m supersonic wind tunnel testing have demonstrated that the proposed method can be used to measure large wavefront distortion field, and structures of wavefront distortion generated by oblique shock waves of the vehicle′s head and wing are correct. The optical devices of this method are simple, and no expensive coherent source is needed. It is a new way to measure and calibrate aero-optics effects.

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