High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2019, 7 (1): 01000e15, Published Online: Mar. 26, 2019
High-brightness all-fiber Raman lasers directly pumped by multimode laser diodes 
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Fig. 1. All-fiber scheme of MM GRIN-fiber Raman laser with cavity formed by HR UV-FBG1 and output fs-FBG2 with LD pumping through the fiber pump combiner (or bulk-optic pump coupling scheme[10] shown in the inset).
Fig. 2. Comparison of HR UV-FBG and output fs-FBG inscribed in GRIN fibers of different core diameters: (a) $62.5~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ [10], (b) $85~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ [15] and (c) $100~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ [16].
Fig. 3. (a) Output Stokes power at 954 nm (filled symbols) as a function of input (coupled to GRIN fiber) LD pump power and (b) corresponding beam-quality parameter $M^{2}$ as a function of Stokes power for different GRIN-fiber core diameters. Arrows mark the threshold of the 2nd-order Stokes wave generation at 996 nm.
Fig. 4. (a) Output spectra for GRIN-fiber Raman laser with 62.5, 85 and $100~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ cores at different Stokes powers. (b) Corresponding $-3~\text{dB}$ linewidth as a function of the generated Stokes power at 954 nm fitted by curves ${\sim}x^{a}$ with best-fit parameter $a=0.64$ ($62.5~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ ); 0.45 ($85~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ ); 0.34 ($100~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ ).
Fig. 5. (a) Stable and unstable beam profiles at low power (13 W) for operation at 950 nm (left) and 958 nm (right) in 100-$\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ GRIN RFL, respectively. (b) Measured Raman gain profile with corresponding marks illustrating 100-$\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ GRIN RFL operation with 950-, 954- and 958-nm FBGs[16].
S. A. Babin. High-brightness all-fiber Raman lasers directly pumped by multimode laser diodes[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2019, 7(1): 01000e15.
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