简述了光谱仪的原理、阶梯光栅的基本原理和光栅光谱仪的特性参数。针对目前国内正在研制的光纤阵列太阳光学望远镜,提供了一种太阳光栅光谱仪结构的设计方案。根据太阳光栅光谱仪接收整个太阳光谱的要求,该方案采用了双狭缝设计。根据太阳光栅光谱仪尺寸大、分辨率高、色散大的特点,该设计方案采用了白瞳设计,并对结构中各个元件的选择进行简要阐述。光谱仪采用光纤接入,光栅工作在准Littrow角条件下,以获得高衍射效率,同时辅以棱镜增大横向色散,分开重叠的光谱级次。整个系统结构简单紧凑,可以有效地缩小光谱仪尺寸。

We describe the theories of spectrograph,general theories of echelle and the characteristic parameters of echelle spectrograph.In view of current development of the fiber arrayed solar optical telescope,we provide a design scheme of solar echelle spectrograph.The scheme uses the double-slit design,because the solar echelle spectrograph should be able to receive the entire solar spectrum.The solar echelle spectrograph has lots of features such as large size,high resolution and high dispersion,and hence we use the white-pupil design.Besides,we briefly describe the selection of various components in the structure.Fibre is used to access to the spectrograph.The incident beam is set to work at a quasi-Littrow angle to realize high diffraction efficiency,and a prism is added to help increase lateral dispersion to separate overlapped spectral lines.The whole system is simple and compact,reducing the spectrograph size effectively.