基于最大权重值纠缠分发的量子无线多跳网络路由协议研究

针对量子节点间建立链路所消耗纠缠资源的差异,使用权重数值来量化现实环境对各个量子节点的影响,并根据权值确定纠缠粒子的分发。在此基础上提出一种针对量子无线多跳网络的路由协议,该协议以纠缠利用率作为路由度量条件,通过基于最大权重值的纠缠粒子分发方式和并行纠缠交换建立量子信道,实现量子态的传输。仿真分析表明,使用该路由协议可以精确找出网络中符合度量条件的量子链路,同时该路由协议中使用并行纠缠交换的交换方式降低了量子态传输的时延,在节点数为15时,并行交换比串行交换的平均时延降低了50％,而且随着链路中节点数的增加,两者的时延差异将会越来越大。为方便分析各仿真节点的权重值均设置为1至15的随机整数,通过对5节点的链路进行多次仿真发现使用基于最大权重值纠缠粒子分发方式能够传送的量子态的平均个数为14,基于串行的分发方式能够传送的量子态的平均个数为7。

Abstract

According to the difference of entanglement resources consumed by quantum nodes in different environments,the weights are used to quantify the influence of real environment on each quantum node,and the distribution of entangled particles is determined according to the weights.At the same time,a routing protocol for quantum wireless multi-hop networks is proposed based on weights.The protocol takes the utilization ratio of entangled particles as the routing metric,and establishes quantum channel through the distribution of entangled particles based on the maximum weights and the parallel entanglement exchange to realize the transmission of quantum states.The simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol can be used to find out the quantum links in the network which meet the measurement conditions,and the parallel entanglement swapping is used in the routing protocol to reduce the delay of quantum state transmission.When the number of nodes is 15,the average delay of parallel switching is 50％ lower than that of serial switching,and with the increase of the number of nodes in the link,the delay between the two will become larger and larger.The weights of the simulation nodes are all random integers of 1 to 15.Through several simulations on the links of 5 nodes,it is found that the average number of quantum states that can be transmitted by using the maximum weights entangled particle distribution method is 14,and the average number of quantum states that can be transmitted by the serial distribution method is 7.The routing scheme based on the maximum weights of entangled particle distribution can save entangled resources,maintain the load balance of the network,and prolong the service life of the link in the network.

参考文献

[1] Bennett C H,Brassard C,et al.Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State Via Dual Classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Channels［J］.Physical Review Letters,1993,70(13):1895-1899.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.1895.

[2] 许方星,陈巍,王双,等.多层级量子密码城域网［J］.科学通报,2009,(16):2277-2283.http:∥kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx dbcode=CJFD＆filename=KXTB200916005＆dbname=CJFD2009.

[3] Hughes R.Network-Centric Quantum Communications［C］.APS Meeting Abstracts,2014,1:32001.https:∥doi.org/10.1364/FIO.2013.FW2C.1.

[4] Elliott C.Building the Quantum Network［J］.New Journal of Physics,2002,4(1):46-53.http:∥iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/4/1/346/pdf.

[5] Pei Y X,Xu T Y,Zai C Z,et al.Routing Protocol for Wireless Quantum Multi-hop Mesh Backbone Network Based on Partially Entangled GHZ State［J］.Frontiers of Physics,2017,12(4):1325-1332.DOI:10.1007/s11467-016-0617-y.

[6] Qi L W,Xian Z Z,Fang Z G.A Cross-layer Protocol for Exploiting Cooperative Diversity in Multi-hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks［J］.Wireless Networks,2017,23(5):1591-1610.DOI:10.1007/s11276-016-1238-7.

[7] Jin X M,Peng C Z,Pan J W,et al.Experimental Free-space Quantum Teleportation［J］.Nature Photonics,2010,4:376-381.DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2010.87.

[8] Yin J,Ren J G,Lu H,et al.Quantum Teleportation and Entanglement Distribution Over 100-kilometfree-space Channels［J］.Nature,2012,488:185-188.DOI:10.1038/nature11332.

[9] 周南润,曾贵华,朱甫臣,等.两军问题的量子同步通信协议［J］.上海交通大学学报,2006,11:1885.DOI:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2006.11.016.

[10] 刘晓慧,裴昌幸,聂敏.量子无线通信网络构建及性分析［J］.吉林大学学报(工学版),2014,44(4):1177-1181.DOI:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb201404042.

[11] Cai X F,Yu X T,Shi X X,et al.Ad Hoc Quantum Network Routing Protocol Based on Quantum Teleportation［C］.Antennas ＆Propagation (ISAP),2013 Proceedings of the International Symposium on IEEE,2013,2:1052-1055.

[12] 余旭涛,徐进,张在琛.基于量子远程传态的无线自组织量子通信网络路由协议［J］.物理学报,2012,61(22):220303.DOI:10.7498/aps.61.220303.

[13] 陈鹏,蔡有勋,蔡晓菲,等.基于纠缠态的量子通信网络的量子信道建立速率模型［J］.物理学报,2015,64(4):040301.DOI:10.7498/aps.64.040301.

[14] 马鸿洋,秦国卿,范兴奎.噪声情况下的量子网络直接通信［J］.物理学报,2015,64(16):160306.DOI:10.7498/aps.64.160306.

[15] 胡晓欢,周小清,李智伟,等.基于隐形传态的量子通信流量与用户监测［J］.吉首大学学报(自然科学版).2016,37(5):23-27.DOI:10.13438/j.cnki.jdzk.2016.05.006.

[16] 翁鹏飞,陈红,蔡晓霞,等.多维量子的受控量子安全直接通信［J］.激光杂志,2017,38(9):69-73.DOI:10.14016/j.cnki.jdzz.2017.09.069.

[17] 熊佩颖.基于GHZ态的无线量子通信网络的研究［D］.江苏省南京市,东南大学,2017.

[18] 徐华彬,周媛媛.量子网络方案研究［J］.光通信技术,2017,5:55-58.DOI:10.13921/j.cnki.issn1002-5561.2017.05.016.

[19] 陈晓峰,林崧.基于量子密码的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案［J］.量子电子学报,2018,35(4):455-460.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2018.04.012.

[20] Sheng Y B,Deng F C,Zhou H Y.Nonlocal Entanglement Concentration Scheme for Partially Entangled Multipartite Systems with Nonlinear Optics［J］.Physical Review A,2008,77(6):062325.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.77.062325.

[21] Zhi L,Liang Q.Quantum Storage in a Hybrid System with a Photonic Molecule and a Diamond Nitrogen Vacancy Center［J］.International Journal of Theoretical Physics,2016,55(8):3788-3797.DOI:10.1007/s10773-016-3008-9.

[22] Pirandols S,Eisert J,Weedbrook C,et al.Advances in Quantum Teleportation［J］.Nature Photonics,2015,(9):641-652.DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2015.154.

[23] 石力.大气带电粒子对星地量子链路通信性能影响的研究［D］.陕西省西安市,西安邮电大学,2018.

[24] 聂敏,任杰,等.PM2.5大气污染对自由空间量子通信性能的影响［J］.物理学报,2015,64(15):150301.DOI:10.7498/aps.64.150301.

[25] 聂敏,任家明,等.冰水混合云对量子卫星通信性能的影响［J］.光子学报,2016,45(9):0927004.DOI:10.3788/gzxb20164509.0927004.

[26] 聂敏,尚鹏钢,等.中尺度沙尘暴对量子卫星通信信道的影响及性能仿真［J］.物理学报,2014,63(24):240303.DOI:10.7498/aps.63.240303.

[27] Wang K,Yu X T,et al.Quantum State Propagation in Quantum Wireless Multi-hop Network based on EPR pairs［C］.Antennas ＆ Propagation (ISAP),2013 Proceedings of the International Symposium on.IEEE,2013,2:1260-1263.

[28] 刘晓慧,聂敏,裴昌幸.量子无线广域网构建与路由策略［J］.物理学报,2013,62(20):200304.DOI:10.7498/aps.62.200304.

[29] 朱金华,于宁宁.无线自组织网络AODV路由协议研究［J］.微计算机信息,2007,23(6):122-124.DOI:1008-0570(2007)06-3-0122-03.

[30] 朱畅华,裴昌幸,等.一种量子局域网方案及其性能分析［J］.西安电子科技大学学报,2006,33(6):839-843.

聂敏, 雷鹏, 杨光, 张美玲, 孙爱晶, 裴昌幸. 基于最大权重值纠缠分发的量子无线多跳网络路由协议研究[J]. 量子光学学报, 2019, 25(1): 22. NIE Min, LEI Peng, YANG Guang, ZHANG Mei-ling, SUN Ai-jing, PEI Chang-xing. Research on Quantum Wireless Multi-hop Network Routing Protocol Based on Maximum Weights Entanglement Distribution[J]. Acta Sinica Quantum Optica, 2019, 25(1): 22.

基于最大权重值纠缠分发的量子无线多跳网络路由协议研究

关于本站 Cookie 的使用提示

全站搜索

基于最大权重值纠缠分发的量子无线多跳网络路由协议研究

相关论文

相关资讯

关于本站 Cookie 的使用提示

全站搜索