[1] Oikonomidis I, Kyriazis N, Argyros A. Full DOF tracking of a hand interacting with an object by modeling occlusions and physical constraints［C］. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 2011: 2088-2095.

[2] Qian C, Sun X, Wei Y, et al. Realtime and robust hand tracking from depth［C］. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2014: 1106-1113.

[3] Sridhar S, Mueller F, Oulasvirta A, et al. Fast and robust hand tracking using detection-guided optimization［C］. Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition, 2015: 3213-3221.

[4] Liu Y, Zhang L F, Zhang S J. A hand gesture recognition method based on multi-feature fusion and template matching［J］. Procedia Engineering, 2012, 29(4): 1678-1684.

[5] 杨 波, 宋晓娜, 冯志全, 等. 复杂背景下基于空间分布特征的手势识别算法［J］. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2010, 22(10): 1841-1848.

    Yang Bo, Song Xiaona, Feng Zhiquan, et al. Gesture recognition in complex background based on distribution features of hand［J］. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Graphics, 2010, 22(10): 1841-1848.

[6] Priyal S P, Bora P K. A robust static hand gesture recognition system using geometry based normalizations and Krawtchouk moments［J］. Pattern Recognition, 2013, 46(8): 2202-2219.

[7] Doliotis P, Stefan A, McMurrough C, et al. Comparing gesture recognition accuracy using color and depth information［C］. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on PEervasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments, 2011: 20.

[8] Sridhar S, Oulasvirta A, Theobalt C. Interactive markerless articulated hand motion tracking using RGB and depth data［C］. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 2013: 2456-2463.

[9] Tzionas D, Srikantha A, Aponte P, et al. Capturing hand motion with an RGB-D sensor, fusing a generative model with salient points［C］. German Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2014: 277-289.

[10] Xu C, Cheng L. Efficient hand pose estimation from a single depth image［C］. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 2013: 3456-3462.

[11] Park S, Yu S, Kim J, et al. 3D hand tracking using Kalman filter in depth space［J］. Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 2012(1): 1-18.

[12] Chen C P, Chen Y T, Lee P H, et al. Real-time hand tracking on depth images［C］. Visual Communications and Image Processing, 2011: 1-4.

[13] Qi Y Q, Kazumasa S, Wu H Y, et al. EK-means tracker: A pixel-wise tracking algorithm using kinect［C］. Third Chinese Conference on Intelligent Visual Surveillance, 2011: 77-80.

[14] 张跃强, 苏 昂, 刘海波, 等. 基于多级直线表述和M-估计的三维目标位姿跟踪优化算法［J］. 光学学报, 2015, 35(1): 0115003.

    Zhang Yueqiang, Su Ang, Liu Haibo, et al. Three dimensional rigid objects pose tracking and optimization based on multilevel line representation and M-estimation［J］. Acta Optica Sinica, 2015, 35(1): 0115003.

[15] Yu Y, Zheng X. Particle filter with ant colony optimization for frequency offset estimation in OFDM systems with unknown noise distribution［J］. Signal Processing, 2011, 91(5): 1339-1342.

[16] Park S, Hwang J P, Kim E, et al. A new evolutionary particle filter for the prevention of sample impoverishment［J］. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 2009, 13(4): 801-809.

[17] 宋 宇, 李庆玲, 康轶非, 等. 平方根容积Rao-Blackwillised粒子滤波SLAM算法［J］. 自动化学报, 2014, 40(2): 357-367.

    Song Yu, Li Qingling, Kang Yifei, et al. SLAM with square-root cubature Rao-Blackwillised particle filter［J］. Acta Automatica Sinica. 2014, 40(2): 357-367.

[18] 田梦楚, 薄煜明, 陈志敏, 等. 萤火虫算法智能优化粒子滤波［J］. 自动化学报, 2016, 42(1): 89-97.

    Tian Mengchu, Bo Yuming, Chen Zhimin, et al. Firefly algorithm intelligence optimized particle filter［J］. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2016, 42(1): 89-97.

[19] 胡士强, 敬忠良. 粒子滤波原理及其应用［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010: 21-27.

    Hu Shiqiang, Jing Zhongliang. The theory and application of particle filter［M］. Beijing: Science Press, 2010: 21-27.

[20] 贾静平, 夏 宏, 谢 萍. 基于尺度空间粒子滤波器的多参考直方图目标跟踪算法［J］. 系统工程与电子技术, 2015, 37(5): 1206-1212.

    Jia Jingping, Xia Hong, Xie Ping. Visual tracking by scale space particle filter with multiple reference color histograms［J］. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2015, 37(5): 1206-1212.

[21] Karaboga D. An idea based on honey bee swarm for numerical optimization［R］. Technical Report TR06, Erciyes University, 2005.

[22] 张焕龙, 胡士强, 杨国胜. 基于外观模型学习的视频目标跟踪方法综述［J］. 计算研究与发展, 2015, 52(1): 177-190.

    Zhang Huanlong, Hu Shiqiang, Yang Guosheng. Video object tracking based on appearance models learning［J］. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2015, 52(1): 177-190.

[23] 李培华. 一种新颖的基于颜色信息的粒子滤波器跟踪算法［J］. 计算机学报, 2009, 32(12): 2454-2463.

    Li Peihua. A novel color based particle filter algorithm for object tracking［J］. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2009, 32(12): 2455-2463.

[24] Mittal A, Zisserman A, Torr P. Hand detection using multiple proposals［C］. British Machine Vision Conference, 2011, 75.1-75.11.

[25] Suk H I, Sin B K, Lee S W. Hand gesture recognition based on dynamic Bayesian network framework［J］. Pattern Recognition, 2010, 43(9): 3059-3072.

[26] Suksil T, Chalidabhongse T H. Hand detection and feature extraction for static Thai Sign Language recognition［C］. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication, 2013: 23.

[27] Ong E J, Bowden R. A boosted classifier tree for hand shape detection［C］. 6th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004: 889-894.

[28] Viola P, Jones M. Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features［C］. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2001: 511-518.

[29] 牛长锋, 陈登峰, 刘玉树. 基于SIFT特征和粒子滤波的目标跟踪方法［J］. 机器人, 2010, 32(2): 241-247.

    Niu Changfeng, Chen Dengfeng, Liu Yushu. Tacking object based on SIFT features and particle filter［J］. Robot, 2010, 32(2): 241-247.

[30] 郑永斌, 黄新生, 丰松江. SIFT和旋转不变LBP相结合的图像匹配算法［J］. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2010, 22(2): 286-292.

    Zheng Yongbin, Huang Xinsheng, Feng Songjiang. An image matching algorithm based on combination of SIFT and the rotation invariant LBP［J］. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2010, 22(2): 286-292.

[31] Rathi Y, Vaswani N, Tannenbaum A, et al. Tracking deforming objects using particle filtering for geometric active contours［J］. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence, 2007, 29(8): 1470-1475.

[32] Chang C C, Chen J J, Tai W K, et al. New approach for static gesture recognition［J］. Journal of Information Science & Engineering, 2006, 22(5): 1047-1057.

[33] Liu Y, Gan Z, Sun Y. Static hand gesture recognition and its application based on support vector machines［C］. ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing, 2008: 517-521.

[34] Zhang D S. Image retrieval based on shape［D］. Australia: Monash University, 2002.

[35] Dalal N, Triggs B. Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection［C］. IEEEConference on Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition, 2005: 886-893.

[36] Papageorgiou C, Poggio T. A trainable system for object detection［J］. International Journal of Computer Vision, 2000, 38(1): 15-33.

[37] 周 来. 面向虚拟现实飞行模拟训练的视觉手交互技术研究［D］. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2012.

    Zhou Lai. Research of visual interaction for virtual reality flight training［D］. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012.

[38] 孙 瑾, 顾宏斌, 侯建波. 基于梯度方向二值模式特征的飞机翼尖跟踪技术［J］. 航空学报, 2011, 32(11): 2062-2072.

    Sun Jin, Gu Hongbin, Hou Jianbo. Airplane wingtip tracking algorithm based on oriented gradient local binary pattern［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2011, 32(11): 2062-2072.

[39] 孙 瑾, 顾宏斌, 郑吉平. 一种基于梯度方向信息的运动目标检测算法［J］. 中国图象图形学报, 2008, 13(3): 571-579.

    Sun Jin, Gu Hongbin, Zheng Jiping. A gradient direction based moving object detection［J］. Journal of Image and Graphics, 2008, 13(3): 571-579.

[40] Ojala T, Pietikainen M, Maenpaa T. Multiresolution gray-scale and rotation invariant texture classification with local binary patterns［J］. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence, 2002, 24(7): 971-987.