ZnGeP₂ (ZGP) crystals have attracted tremendous attention for their applications as frequency conversion devices. Nevertheless, the existence of native point defects, including at the surface and in the bulk, lowers their laser-induced damage threshold by increasing their absorption and forming starting points of the damage, limiting their applications. Here, native point defects in a ZGP crystal are fully studied by the combination of high angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and optical measurements. The atomic structures of the native point defects of the Zn vacancy, P vacancy, and Ge-Zn antisite were directly obtained through an HAADF-STEM, and proved by photoluminescence (PL) spectra at 77 K. The carrier dynamics of these defects are further studied by ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy, and the decay lifetimes of 180.49, 346.73, and 322.82 ps are attributed to the donor V_p⁺ → valence band maximum (VBM) recombination, donor Ge_Zn⁺ → VBM recombination, and donor–acceptor pair recombination of V_p⁺ → V_Zn^-, respectively, which further confirms the assignment of the electron transitions. The diagrams for the energy bands and excited electron dynamics are established based on these ultrahigh spatial and temporal results. Our work is helpful for understanding the interaction mechanism between a ZGP crystal and ultrafast laser, doing good to the ZGP crystal growth and device fabrication.

We propose an effective way to achieve an enhanced optical absorption surface of titanium alloy 7 (Ti7) fabricated by a femtosecond (fs) laser assisted with airflow pressure. The effect of laser scanning speed and laser power on the surfaces’ morphology and average reflectivity was studied. In order to further reduce the surface’s reflectivity, different airflow pressure was introduced during the fabrication of Ti7 by a fs laser. Furthermore, the average reflectivity of samples fabricated under different laser parameters assisted with airflow was presented. In addition, the high and low temperature tests of all samples were performed to test the stability performance of the hybrid micro/nanostructures in extreme environments. It is demonstrated that the airflow pressure has an important influence on the micro/nanostructures for light trapping, the average reflectivity of which could be as low as 2.31% over a broad band of 250–2300 nm before high and low temperature tests, and the reflection for specific wavelengths can go below 1.5%.

An effective and simple method is proposed for fabricating the micro/nano hybrid structures on metal surfaces by adjusting femtosecond laser fluence, scanning interval, and polarization. The evolution of surface morphology with the micro/nano structures is discussed in detail. Also, the mechanism of light absorption by the micro/nano hybrid structures is revealed. Compared with the typical periodic light-absorbing structures, this type of micro/nano hybrid structures has an ultralow average reflectivity of 2% in the 250–2300 nm spectral band and the minimum 1.5% reflectivity in UV band. By employing this method, large areas of the micro/nano hybrid structures with high consistency could be achieved.

基于一款4k分辨率小型投影机，设计了一种低成本、易加工的小口径高分辨率鱼眼投影镜头。通过合理选型、分配光焦度、设置光栏位置、调整镜片形状、材料优选及匹配等途径，在镜片数量较少的情况下对像差进行了充分的校正。该镜头仅由9片透镜组成，视场角为175°，F^#为2.2，后工作距达到39.8 mm，在奈奎斯特频率131 lp/mm处，1.0视场MTF值达到0.3，其余视场MTF值均达到0.43以上，满足了该机型的使用需求。对镜头的各项公差进行了蒙特卡罗分析，结果表明，公差均在常规可加工的范围内，适合于批量加工和装配。

提出了一种新型部分负曲率反谐振空芯太赫兹波导，波导包层包括两部分，一部分由介质圆管组成，为纤芯提供部分负曲率边界；另一部分由多个矩形介质层组成，多介质层可用来降低限制损耗.此波导结构在增加反谐振层的同时不引入新的包层节点，易于实现太赫兹波的宽带低损耗传输.采用全矢量有限元法对波导进行了数值仿真，研究了其宽带低损耗特性.基于此，利用3D打印技术制备了所设计波导，使用太赫兹时域光谱系统对其传输特性进行测试.实验结果表明，该负曲率太赫兹波导在0.29~0.42 THz的传输损耗低于10 dB/m，与数值仿真结果吻合较好.

The stochastic resonance based on optical bistability in the semiconductor optical amplifier is numerically investigated to extract a weak pulse signal buried in noise. The output property of optical bistability under different system parameters is analyzed, which determines the performance of the stochastic resonance. Through optimizing these parameters, the noise-hidden signal is extracted via stochastic resonance, in which the maximum cross-correlation gain higher than nine is obtained. This provides a novel technology for detecting a weak optical signal in various signal processing fields.