在调频连续波激光雷达中，用于中频信号采集的模拟-数字采集模块是其关键组件，信噪比、信纳比、无杂散动态范围等参数是衡量该数据采集信号链交流特性的重要指标，直接决定着调频连续波激光雷达的探测范围和测距精度等性能。设计了用于调频连续波激光雷达的中频信号采集模块，获得49.13 dB的信噪比和48.90 dB的信纳比；然后研究了其噪声特性，获得系统的主要噪声来源为采样时钟的相位噪声，并且通过引入数字滤波器将信噪比和信纳比分别提升11.38 dB和11.32 dB，理论上激光雷达的探测范围提高3.7倍。可通过采用专业时钟芯片降低噪声，经计算可将信噪比提高8.65 dB；最后，搭建了光学相控阵调频连续波激光雷达系统，验证了数据采样模块的有效性，完成了40 m距离的探测，最大测量误差为7.7 cm，最大探测范围为133.67 m。

To optimize the dark current characteristic and detection efficiency of the 1550 nm weak light signal at room temperature, this work proposes a Ge-on-Si avalanche photodiode (APD) in Geiger mode, which could operate at 300 K. This lateral separate absorption charge multiplication APD shows a low breakdown voltage (V_br) in Geiger mode of -7.42V and low dark current of 0.096 nA at unity gain voltage (V_Gain=1 = -7.03 V). Combined with an RF amplifier module and counter, the detection system demonstrates a low dark count rate (DCR) of 1.1×106counts per second and high detection efficiency η of 7.8% for 1550 nm weak coherent pulse detection at 300 K. The APD reported in this work weakens the dependence of the weak optical signal recognition on the low environment temperature and makes single-chip integration of the single-photon level detection system possible.

The continuous-time quantum walk (CTQW) is the quantum analogue of the continuous-time classical walk and is widely used in universal quantum computations. Here, taking the advantages of the waveguide arrays, we implement large-scale CTQWs on chips. We couple the single-photon source into the middle port of the waveguide arrays and measure the emergent photon number distributions by utilizing the fiber coupling platform. Subsequently, we simulate the photon number distributions of the waveguide arrays by considering the boundary conditions. The boundary conditions are quite necessary in solving the problems of quantum mazes.