A ring-shaped focus, such as a focused vortex beam, has played an important role in microfabrication and optical tweezers. The shape and diameter of the ring-shaped focus can be easily adjusted by the topological charge of the vortex. However, the flow energy is also related to the topological charge, making the individual control of diameter and flow energy of the vortex beam impossible. Meanwhile, the shape of the focus of the vortex beam remains in the hollow ring. Expanding the shape of focus of structural light broadens the applications of the vortex beam in the field of microfabrication. Here, we proposed a ring-shaped focus with controllable gaps by multiplexing the vortex beam and annular beam. The multiplexed beam has several advantages, such as the diameter and flow energy of the focal point can be individually controlled and are not affected by the zero-order beam, and the gap size and position are controllable.

具有特殊浸润性的功能表面在生产生活中发挥着重要作用。同时，飞秒激光加工以其独特的优势，成为制备特殊浸润性功能表面的重要方式。本文通过自然界中生物表面微结构与实际应用的联系，讨论了飞秒激光制备多种微结构的方法，从“双面神”表面、智能响应超疏表面以及润滑表面等三个方面对基于飞秒激光制备特殊浸润性功能表面进行了总结。对飞秒激光在特殊浸润性功能表面制备的研究成果进行总结归纳，为未来飞秒激光在浸润性表面的研究、应用和发展提供参考。