论述了X射线脉冲星辐射光子探测与累积脉冲轮廓构造模型，分析了通过光子计数获取的累积脉冲轮廓的噪声特点，提出了基于非归一化Haar小波的消噪算法，推导了基于Haar小波消噪的阈值函数的最佳参数计算公式。在X射线脉冲星导航地面模拟系统上进行了实验研究，结果表明，消噪后的累积脉冲轮廓峰值信噪比提高2 dB以上。通过蒙特卡罗模拟分析，证实消噪后的累积脉冲轮廓有助于提高脉冲到达时间的测量精度。

The pulse time of arrival (TOA) is a determining parameter for accurate timing and positioning in X-ray pulsar navigation. The pulse TOA can be calculated by comparing the measured arrival time with the predicted arrival time of the X-ray pulse for pulsar. In this study, in order to research the measurement of pulse arrival time, an experimental system is set up. The experimental system comprises a simulator of the X-ray pulsar, an X-ray detector, a time-measurement system, and a data-processing system. An X-ray detector base is proposed on the basis of the micro-channel plate (MCP), which is sensitive to soft X-ray in the 1–10 keV band. The MCP-based detector, the structure and principle of the experimental system, and results of the pulse profile are described in detail. In addition, a discussion of the effects of different X-ray pulse periods and the quantum efficiency of the detector on pulse-profile signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is presented. Experimental results reveal that the SNR of the measured pulse profile becomes enhanced as the quantum efficiency of the detector increases. The SNR of the pulse profile is higher when the period of the pulse is smaller at the same integral.

在原有X射线脉冲星导航地面模拟系统的基础上，提出了新的方法，对该系统的时间分辨率与时间精度进行了优化，进而提高航天器导航的精度与实时性.所采用的具体方法为：1)改进基于微通道板（MCP）的光子计数探测器；2)采用高精度的时间测量系统。比较改进前后的探测系统拟合的脉冲轮廓，分析改进后系统的MCP增益对脉冲轮廓探测的影响。实验结果表明，在同样的实验条件下，改进后的探测系统计数率更高。改进后的探测系统在每块MCP工作电压为-800 V时， Bin的值为1.5 ms，积分200 s后能够得到较好信噪比的脉冲轮廓。