The stable long-distance transmission of radio-frequency (RF) signals holds significant importance from various aspects, including the comparison of optical frequency standards, remote monitoring and control, scientific research and experiments, and RF spectrum management. We demonstrate a scheme where an ultrastable frequency signal was transmitted over a 50 km coiled fiber. The optical RF signal is generated using a two-section distributed feedback (DFB) laser for direct modulation based on the reconstruction equivalent chirp (REC) technique. The 3-dB modulation bandwidth of the two-section DFB laser is 18 GHz and the residual phase noise of -122.87dBc/Hz is achieved at 10-Hz offset frequency. We report a short-term stability of 1.62×10-14 at an average time of 1 s and a long-term stability of 6.55×10-18 at the measurement time of 62,000 s when applying current to the front section of the DFB laser. By applying power to both sections, the stability of the system improves to 4.42×10-18 within a testing period of 56,737 s. Despite applying temperature variations to the transmission link, long-term stability of 8.63×10-18 at 23.9 h can still be achieved.

Modulation bandwidth enhancement in a directly modulated two-section distributed feedback (TS-DFB) laser based on a detuned loading effect is investigated and experimentally demonstrated. The results show that the 3-dB bandwidth of the TS-DFB laser is increased to 17.6 GHz and that chirp parameter can be reduced to 2.24. Compared to the absence of a detuned loading effect, there is a 4.6 GHz increase and a 2.45 reduction, respectively. After transmitting a 10 Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal through a 5-km fiber, the modulation eye diagram still achieves a large opening. Eight-channel laser arrays with precise wavelength spacing are fabricated. Each TS-DFB laser in the array has side mode suppression ratios (SMSR) > 49.093 dB and the maximum wavelength residual < 0.316 nm.

在远距离相干测量系统中，分布反馈式半导体激光器（DFB-LD）以其直接高速调制特性、低成本、可批量生产等优势成为精密遥测系统的核心光源，因此对DFB-LD的窄线宽和短时频率稳定性提出了更高的要求。为了实现DFB-LD的频率稳定，通过边频锁定与光电反馈回路的方法将激光频率锁定在H¹³C¹⁴N气体吸收谱线1548.956 nm的一侧。将光电探测模块、后续误差信号生成与处理模块和激光器驱动模块集成在一块模拟电路板上，从而有效地降低了系统的噪声；使用除法器代替减法器来产生鉴频信号，大大提高了系统灵敏度和稳频精度；通过这两项技术的改进，将DFB-LD的秒级频率稳定度提高了两个数量级，从稳频前的秒级频率稳定度3.67 × 10⁻⁸提高到稳频后的秒级频率稳定度2.34×10⁻¹⁰。实验结果表明，该DFB-LD稳频方案具有高的稳频精度，且系统结构简单、体积小、可批量生产，适合于无人机机载应用场景，是远距离相干测量系统的理想光源。

采用窄线宽、边模抑制高的DFB激光器研制一套开放型TDLAS波长调制技术气体检测装置。选取2 004 nm处CO₂分子吸收峰作为吸收谱线，采用锁相放大器进行调制、解调后的二次谐波信号幅值检测气体浓度大小。设计基于开放环境中的Herriott型气体吸收池，使用ZEMAX非序列模式进行吸收池仿真，光线追迹后理论光程可达到1 350 mm，实际光程由50 mm增加到300 mm，检测浓度下限数值由原先的1 300 ppmv降低到214.28 ppmv，有效提高了系统的检测下限能力。配置不同浓度的CO₂气体检测，得到二次谐波信号幅值与浓度之间呈现很好的线性关系，其拟合系数为0.998 39，可通过拟合直线方程计算得出待测气体的浓度。配置300 ppmv的CO₂进行Allan方差分析，积分时间到101.6 s时，Allan方差处于平稳状态，检测系统的灵敏度为1.512×10^-5。检测结果表明检测装置实现了对CO₂气体浓度准确测量。该装置可进行结核分枝杆菌呼吸产生的CO₂气体浓度进行检测，为肺结核病诊断提供依据。

We demonstrate a high-resolution frequency-modulated continuous-wave dual-frequency LIDAR system based on a monolithic integrated two-section (TS) distributed feedback (DFB) laser. In order to achieve phase locking of the two lasers in the TS-DFB laser, the sideband optical injection locking technique is employed. A high-quality linear frequency-modulated signal is achieved from the TS-DFB laser. Utilizing the proposed LIDAR system, the distance and velocity of a target can be measured accurately. The maximum relative errors of distance and velocity measurement are 1.6% and 3.18%, respectively.