Fast neutron absorption spectroscopy is widely used in the study of nuclear structure and element analysis. However, due to the traditional neutron source pulse duration being of the order of nanoseconds, it is difficult to obtain a high-resolution absorption spectrum. Thus, we present a method of ultrahigh energy-resolution absorption spectroscopy via a high repetition rate, picosecond duration pulsed neutron source driven by a terawatt laser. The technology of single neutron count is used, which results in easily distinguishing the width of approximately 20 keV at 2 MeV and an asymmetric shape of the neutron absorption peak. The absorption spectroscopy based on a laser neutron source has one order of magnitude higher energy-resolution power than the state-of-the-art traditional neutron sources, which could be of benefit for precisely measuring nuclear structure data.

中子成像是一种重要的无损检测方法，快中子（MeV级能量）成像技术，能够在中大型样品的轻材料缺陷检测发挥其独特优势。经过理论分析和蒙特卡罗模拟设计，采用过滤结构将绵阳研究堆热中子束线的裂变中子份额大大提高，在等效准直比约260情况下，成像位置的裂变中子注量率可以达到3×10⁵ cm^-2·s^-1。采用快中子荧光屏作为探测器，通过研发的大视场成像装置，形成了一套直接视场可达400 mm×400 mm，分辨率优于0.5 mm的裂变中子成像系统。利用超视场成像技术，该系统还能够检测横向尺寸不超过600 mm的大型样品。

A pulsed fast neutron source is critical for applications of fast neutron resonance radiography and fast neutron absorption spectroscopy. However, due to the large transversal source size (of the order of mm) and long pulse duration (of the order of ns) of traditional pulsed fast neutron sources, it is difficult to realize high-contrast neutron imaging with high spatial resolution and a fine absorption spectrum. Here, we experimentally present a micro-size ultra-short pulsed neutron source by a table-top laser–plasma wakefield electron accelerator driving a photofission reaction in a thin metal converter. A fast neutron source with source size of approximately 500 μm and duration of approximately 36 ps has been driven by a tens of MeV, collimated, micro-size electron beam via a hundred TW laser facility. This micro-size ultra-short pulsed neutron source has the potential to improve the energy resolution of a fast neutron absorption spectrum dozens of times to, for example, approximately 100 eV at 1.65 MeV, which could be of benefit for high-quality fast neutron imaging and deep understanding of the theoretical model of neutron physics.

The interaction of intense, ultrashort laser pulses with ordered nanostructure arrays offers a path to the efficient creation of ultra-high-energy density (UHED) matter and the generation of high-energy particles with compact lasers. Irradiation of deuterated nanowires arrays results in a near-solid density environment with extremely high temperatures and large electromagnetic fields in which deuterons are accelerated to multi-megaelectronvolt energies, resulting in deuterium–deuterium (D–D) fusion. Here we focus on the method of fabrication and the characteristics of ordered arrays of deuterated polyethylene nanowires. The irradiation of these array targets with femtosecond pulses of relativistic intensity and joule-level energy creates a micro-scale fusion environment that produced $2\times {10}^6$ neutrons per joule, an increase of about 500 times with respect to flat solid CD₂ targets irradiated with the same laser pulses. Irradiation with 8 J laser pulses was measured to generate up to 1.2 × 10⁷ D–D fusion neutrons per shot.

利用CFBR-Ⅱ快中子反应堆（中国第二座快中子脉冲堆）和⁶⁰Co装置开展不同顺序的中子/γ辐照双极晶体管的实验。在集电极-发射极电压恒定条件下，测量了双极晶体管电流增益随集电极电流的变化曲线，研究不同顺序中子/γ辐照对双极晶体管电流增益的影响。分析实验结果发现，集电极-发射极电压一定时，集电极电流极低情况下电流增益退化比较大，随集电极电流增加电流增益逐渐减小；就实验选中的两类晶体管而言，先中子后γ辐照造成双极晶体管电流增益的退化程度大于先γ后中子辐照，而且PNP型晶体管比NPN型晶体管差异更明显。本文进行了双极晶体管电离/位移协同辐照效应相关机理的初步探讨。

The laser system PALS, as a driver of a broad-beam ion source, delivered deuterons which generated neutrons with energies higher than 14 MeV through the 7Li(d, n)8Be reaction. Deuterons with sub-MeV energy were accelerated from the front surface of a massive CD2 target in the backward direction with respect to the laser beam vector. Simultaneously, neutrons were emitted from the primary CD2 target and a secondary LiF catcher. The total maximum measured neutron yield from 2D(d, n)3He, 7Li(d, n)8Be, 12C(d, n)13N reactions was ~3.5(±0.5) × 108 neutrons/shot.