Dissipative solitons have been realized in mode-locked fiber lasers in the theoretical framework of the Ginzburg–Landau equation and have significantly improved the pulse energy and peak power levels of such lasers. It is interesting to explore whether dissipative solitons exist in optical parametric oscillators in the framework of three-wave coupling equations in order to substantially increase the performance of optical parametric oscillators. Here, we demonstrate a temporal-filtering dissipative soliton in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator. The temporal-gain filtering of the pump pulse combined with strong cascading nonlinearity and dispersion in the optical parametric oscillator enables the generation of a broad spectrum with a nearly linear chirp; consequently, a significantly compressed pulse and high peak power can be realized after dechirping outside the cavity. Furthermore, we realized, for the first time, dissipative solitons in an optical system with a negative nonlinear phase shift and anomalous dispersion, extending the parameter region of dissipative solitons. The findings may open a new research block for dissipative solitons and provide new opportunities for mid-infrared ultrafast science.

红外图像是现代光学设备常用的图像源，图像显示效果直接影响设备的用户体验，而红外序列图像中的噪声会导致显示效果的下降。为了减轻噪声对红外序列图像显示效果的影响，通过历史多帧灰度值的加权和当前帧无噪声图像的估计，提出了一种基于时域高斯滤波的去噪方法。参考空域双边滤波的权值分配方法，引入了灰度值的影响对时域高斯滤波的权值进行修正，解决时域滤波导致的序列图像中运动目标拖尾和模糊。实验结果表明，时域滤波方法能够有效平滑帧间噪声，减轻噪声导致的红外序列图像显示效果的恶化，引入灰度值的影响进行滤波权值修正之后，能够解决时域滤波导致的运动目标拖尾和模糊问题。

文中首次提出并验证了基于腔内色散管理实现飞秒光参量振荡器（OPO）光谱净化和稳定性提升的方法。对于高功率飞秒OPO，输出脉冲通常具有随时间无序变化的宽带不规则光谱，输出功率波动较大。利用铌酸锂（LiNbO₃）晶体在腔内引入额外的负色散，通过泵浦脉冲的时间滤波效应实现了干净平滑的窄光谱近转换极限的飞秒脉冲输出，光谱稳定性和功率稳定性得到了极大改善。该方法是一种实现飞秒OPO光谱净化和稳定性提升的灵活简便的方法，对于发展高功率的超短脉冲OPO具有重要的应用价值。