目前控制细菌和病毒感染性疾病的方法很多, 但由于微生物菌株种类越来越多, 且耐药微生物菌株不断涌现, 已有的治疗手段无法取得良好疗效, 因此探索新的抗微生物治疗方法迫在眉睫。光动力抗菌化学疗法是基于光动力疗法的原理, 利用光敏剂在异常组织选择性聚集, 在分子氧的参与下, 由特定波长的光激发产生活性氧, 引发一系列的光化学反应, 对微生物进行选择性杀伤的一种新方法。光动力抗菌化学疗法对细菌、真菌和病毒引起的感染, 特别是耐药菌感染均显示很好的疗效。本文将对光动力抗菌化学疗法中常使用的光敏剂进行分类, 并对其研究进展进行综述。

As the variety of microorganisms and more and more antibiotics-resistant bacteria are identified, the treatment of bacterial and viral infections have become less effective in recent years, and exploring a new antimicrobial therapy is imperative. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is a new anti-infection method with the similar principle of photodynamic therapy that utilizes light of an appropriate wavelength to excite the nontoxic photosensitizers which selectively target tissue cells, in the presence of oxygen, generates reactive oxygen species and leads to a series of photochemical reactions which are responsible for the killing of microbial cells nearby. PACT is an effective method for treating the infections caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, especially for the antibiotics-resistant infections. In this paper, we will give an overview of current knowledge regarding the classification of photosensitizer.