基于距离矩阵的星图运动目标检测

为了克服传统星图空间运动目标检测方法对星图帧间图像亮度、帧间配准以及成像模式等具有敏感度较高的缺点, 利用星点间拓扑结构稳定的特性, 提出了基于距离矩阵的星图运动目标检测方法。该方法首先对各帧星图独立检测目标, 然后构建星点的距离矩阵, 并与相邻帧星图的距离矩阵作减法, 则得到运动目标对应的距离变化较大的一些列(行), 利用这个性质完成运动目标的检测。由于距离矩阵与星图成像条件无关, 只受运动目标的影响, 因此该方法对星图帧间图像亮度、观测平台抖动、帧间失配以及成像模式等具有鲁棒性。仿真试验和真实数据试验表明, 该方法在帧间失配等情况下, 仍然能够从背景恒星中有效地识别空间运动目标。与传统方法比较, 本文方法具有更低的虚警率。

Abstract

In order to overcome defects with higher sensibility of moving target detection method for traditional star map space on image brightness among star map frames, frame-to-frame registration, imaging mode and others, taking advantages of the stable feature of the topological structure among star points, a moving target detection method in the star map based on the distance matrix was proposed. The method was used to independently detect targets of all frames of star map; then, it was used to establish the distance matrix of star points and to subtract the distance matrix for consecutive frame of the star map; the corresponding distance of moving target varied greatly; taking advantages of the property, the detection on the moving target was completed. As the distance matrix was irrelevant to the imaging condition of the star map but was influenced by the moving target, thus the method had robustness on image brightness among star map frames, shaking of the observation platform, inter-frame mismatch, imaging mode and others. The simulation experiment and the truthful data experiment show that the method can be used to effectively identify spatially moving targets in background fixed stars under the condition of inter-frame mismatch. Comparing with the tradition method, the method in the thesis has lower false alarm rate.

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