热输入对CP800复相钢激光焊接接头组织性能的影响

采用IPG YLS-6000光纤激光器对2.8 mm厚的CP800复相钢进行激光拼焊, 通过改变焊接速度获得不同热输入(30.0、42.0和52.5 J/mm)的焊接接头, 研究了不同热输入对复相钢激光焊接接头组织转变及性能的规律。结果表明, 随着热输入的增加, 焊缝的熔深和熔宽逐渐增加, 当热输入达到42.0 J/mm及以上时可获得全熔透焊缝; 不同热输入下的焊接接头各个微区的显微组织类型具有一致性, 其中熔合区为具有明显方向性的板条马氏体, 粗晶区为无明显取向的板条马氏体, 细晶区为晶粒较为细小的马氏体, 混晶区为贝氏体、细晶铁素体和铁素体; 不同热输入下焊接接头整体硬度高于母材, 且由于激光焊接冷速极快、高温停留时间极短, 导致贝氏体内细小析出相无时间析出, 位错密度无明显改变, 因而不存在软化区; 不同热输入下的焊接试样拉伸断口均为韧性断裂; 由于焊接接头硬化区中的马氏体较母材中的贝氏体和铁素体具有更高的屈服强度, 导致焊接接头的延伸率低于母材, 相较而言, 在研究的热输入范围内, 热输入为52.5 J/mm焊接接头的延伸率较好, 达到母材的76.8%。

Abstract

The 2.8 mm thick CP800 complex phase steel is welded by IPG YLS-6000 fiber laser to analyze the microstructure transformation and properties of welded joints with different heat inputs by changing welding speed(30.0, 42.0 and 52.5 J/mm). The results show that the penetration depth and the width of the weld increase gradually with the increase of heat input. Full penetration is obtained with the heat input reaches 42.0 J/mm and above. The microstructure of each micro-zone of welded joint with different heat input is consistent, in which the fusion zone is lath martensite with obvious direction, the coarse grain zone is in a disorderly lath martensite and the fine grain zone is the smallest martensite, the mix grain zone is bainite, fine grain ferrite and ferrite. The overall microhardness of welded joint is higher than that of the base metal under different heat input. Since laser welding is a process of rapid heating and rapid cooling and the hold time at high temperature is less, fine precipitates in bainite do not precipitate in time, and the dislocation density has no obvious change, so there is no softening zone. The tensile fracture of the weld samples under different heat input are ductile fractures. Since the martensite in the hardened zone of the welded joint has a higher yield strength than the bainite and the ferrite in the base metal, the elongation of the welded joint is lower than that of the base metal. In comparison, in the heat input range studied, a 52.5 J/mm heat input welded joint has a high elongation of 76.8% of the base metal.

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