激光摆动模式对铝/钢焊接接头成形特征及组织、强度的影响 
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Effects of Laser Beam Wobble on Weld Formation Characteristics, Microstructure, and Strength of Aluminum Alloy/Steel Joints
1 哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
2 哈尔滨工业大学(威海)山东省特种焊接技术重点实验室, 山东 威海 264209
图 & 表
图 1. 焊接示意图。(a)铝/钢结构件焊接示意图;(b)激光束运动路径
Fig. 1. Schematics of welding. (a) Schematic of aluminum alloy/steel sample; (b) trajectory of laser beam
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图 2. 典型焊接参数下获得的焊缝的宏观形貌
Fig. 2. Macroscopic morphology of welds obtained at typical welding parameters
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图 3. 典型焊接工艺参数下获得的焊缝的横截面形貌
Fig. 3. Cross-sectional morphology of welds obtained at typical welding parameters
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图 4. 常规激光焊接接头(No.3)界面的微观组织。(a)界面底部;(b)铝/钢交界处
Fig. 4. Interfacial structure of welded joint obtained with conventional laser welding. (a) In the bottom of interface; (b) in the aluminum alloy/steel interface
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图 5. 摆动激光焊接接头界面的微观组织。(a)(b)线性摆动;(c)(d)圆形摆动
Fig. 5. Interfacial microstructures of welded joints obtained with laser wobble welding. (a)(b) Linear laser welding; (c)(d) circular laser welding
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图 6. 焊接接头中的元素分布。(a)常规激光焊接接头(No.2);(b)线性摆动激光焊接接头(No.5);(c)圆形摆动激光焊接接头(No.12)
Fig. 6. Element distribution in welded joints. (a) Welded joint obtained with conventional laser welding(No.2);(b) welded joint obtained with linear laser welding (No.5); (c) welded joint obtained with circular laser welding (No.12)
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图 7. 不同焊接工艺下获得的铝/钢激光焊接接头的拉剪强度
Fig. 7. Tensile-shear strength of aluminum alloy/steel welded joints obtained at different welding processes
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图 8. 铝/钢激光焊接接头典型的断裂位置。(a)断裂于铝合金处;(b)断裂于界面处;(c)断裂于钢侧
Fig. 8. Typical fracture positions of aluminum alloy/steel welded joints. (a) Fracture at aluminum alloy side; (b) fracture at the interface; (b) fracture at stainless steel side
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表 16061铝合金母材的主要化学成分
Table1. Main chemical composition of 6061 aluminum alloy base material
| Element | Ti | Mg | Si | Cu | Mn | Fe | Zn | Al |
|---|
| Mass fraction /% | 0.15 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.25 | Bal. |
|
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表 2316L不锈钢母材的主要化学成分
Table2. Main chemical composition of 316L stainless steel base material
| Element | C | Mn | P | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | Fe |
|---|
| Mass fraction /% | 0.02 | 1.58 | 0.02 | 0.45 | 16.74 | 12.89 | 2.05 | Bal. |
|
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表 3焊接试验参数
Table3. Welding parameters
| No. | Laserpower /kW | Wobblefrequency /Hz | Wobblemode | No. | Laserpower /kW | Wobblefrequency /HZ | Wobblemode |
|---|
| 1 | 1 | - | - | 7 | 2.5 | 100 | Linear | | 2 | 1.5 | - | - | 8 | 2.5 | 200 | Linear | | 3 | 1.8 | - | - | 9 | 1.5 | 20 | Circular | | 4 | 2.0 | - | - | 10 | 1.8 | 50 | Circular | | 5 | 1.5 | 20 | Linear | 11 | 2.5 | 100 | Circular | | 6 | 1.8 | 50 | Linear | 12 | 2.5 | 200 | Circular |
|
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表 4图4~5中标记位置的主要成分
Table4. Main components of marked positions in Fig. 4 and Fig.5
| Position | Atomic fraction /% | Possible phases |
|---|
| Al | Si | Cr | Fe | Ni |
|---|
| 1 | 69.74 | 0.47 | 5.87 | 21.62 | 2.31 | FeAl3 | | 2 | 71.28 | 0.42 | 4.30 | 21.81 | 1.96 | FeAl3 | | 3 | 32.77 | 0.72 | 12.84 | 48.24 | 5.42 | Fe(Al)+FeAl | | 4 | 74.28 | 0.12 | 4.92 | 17.95 | 2.73 | FeAl3 | | 5 | 73.28 | 0.38 | 8.76 | 13.99 | 3.59 | FeAl3 | | 6 | 12.19 | 0.73 | 4.96 | 79.56 | 2.56 | Fe(Al) | | 7 | 15.62 | 0.52 | 10.25 | 70.05 | 3.56 | Fe(Al) | | 8 | 72.20 | 0.71 | 4.20 | 19.37 | 3.51 | FeAl3 |
|
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李军兆, 刘一搏, 孙清洁, 陶玉洁, 张清华, 靳鹏, 冯吉才. 激光摆动模式对铝/钢焊接接头成形特征及组织、强度的影响[J]. 中国激光, 2020, 47(4): 0402010. Li Junzhao, Liu Yibo, Sun Qingjie, Tao Yujie, Zhang Qinghua, Jin Peng, Feng Jicai. Effects of Laser Beam Wobble on Weld Formation Characteristics, Microstructure, and Strength of Aluminum Alloy/Steel Joints[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2020, 47(4): 0402010.
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