Carnivorous plants, for instance, Dionaea muscipula and Nepenthes pitcher plant, inspired the innovation of advanced stimuli-responsive actuators and lubricant-infused slippery surfaces, respectively. However, hybrid bionic devices that combine the active and passive prey trapping capabilities of the two kinds of carnivorous plants remain a challenge. Herein, we report a moisture responsive shape-morphing slippery surface that enables both moisture responsive shape-morphing and oil-lubricated water repellency for simultaneous active- and passive-droplet manipulation. The moisture deformable slippery surface is prepared by creating biomimetic microstructures on graphene oxide (GO) membrane via femtosecond laser direct writing and subsequent lubricating with a thin layer of oil on the laser structured reduced GO (LRGO) surface. The integration of a lubricant-infused slippery surface with an LRGO/GO bilayer actuator endows the actuator with droplet sliding ability and promotes the moisture deformation performance due to oil-enhanced water repellency of the inert layer (LRGO). Based on the shape-morphing slippery surface, we prepared a series of proof-of-concept actuators, including a moisture-response Dionaea muscipula actuator, a smart frog tongue, and a smart flower, demonstrating their versatility for active/passive trapping, droplet manipulation, and sensing.Carnivorous plants, for instance, Dionaea muscipula and Nepenthes pitcher plant, inspired the innovation of advanced stimuli-responsive actuators and lubricant-infused slippery surfaces, respectively. However, hybrid bionic devices that combine the active and passive prey trapping capabilities of the two kinds of carnivorous plants remain a challenge. Herein, we report a moisture responsive shape-morphing slippery surface that enables both moisture responsive shape-morphing and oil-lubricated water repellency for simultaneous active- and passive-droplet manipulation. The moisture deformable slippery surface is prepared by creating biomimetic microstructures on graphene oxide (GO) membrane via femtosecond laser direct writing and subsequent lubricating with a thin layer of oil on the laser structured reduced GO (LRGO) surface. The integration of a lubricant-infused slippery surface with an LRGO/GO bilayer actuator endows the actuator with droplet sliding ability and promotes the moisture deformation performance due to oil-enhanced water repellency of the inert layer (LRGO). Based on the shape-morphing slippery surface, we prepared a series of proof-of-concept actuators, including a moisture-response Dionaea muscipula actuator, a smart frog tongue, and a smart flower, demonstrating their versatility for active/passive trapping, droplet manipulation, and sensing.

仿猪笼草的超滑表面由于可以抵抗多种液体的粘附，具有优异的稳定性与自修复性，受到越来越广泛的关注。而飞秒激光由于其对加工材料的普适性、高精度，以及高可控性，成为仿生超滑表面制备的有力手段。本文以仿猪笼草的超滑表面为背景，以飞秒激光微加工技术为手段。从超滑表面的飞秒激光微纳制备和应用两个方面，概述了超滑表面的微纳制造和应用。针对不同材料，通过对飞秒激光进行调控，实现了在聚合物、硬脆透明材料，以及金属上的超滑表面制备。制备的超滑表面可应用于液滴、气泡操控、生物抗凝、防污和防腐等领域。最后总结超滑表面所面临的挑战。

具有特殊浸润性的功能表面在生产生活中发挥着重要作用。同时，飞秒激光加工以其独特的优势，成为制备特殊浸润性功能表面的重要方式。本文通过自然界中生物表面微结构与实际应用的联系，讨论了飞秒激光制备多种微结构的方法，从“双面神”表面、智能响应超疏表面以及润滑表面等三个方面对基于飞秒激光制备特殊浸润性功能表面进行了总结。对飞秒激光在特殊浸润性功能表面制备的研究成果进行总结归纳，为未来飞秒激光在浸润性表面的研究、应用和发展提供参考。