All-fiber few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (FM-EDFAs) with isolation and wavelength division multiplexers (IWDMs) have been developed to enable flexible pumping in different directions. The FM-EDFA can achieve >30 dB modal gain with <0.3 dB differential modal gain (DMG). We experimentally simulate the DMG performance of a cascade FM-EDFA system using the equivalent spectrum method. The overall DMG reaches 1.84 dB after 10-stage amplification. We also build a recirculating loop to simulate the system, and the developed FM-EDFA can support transmission up to 3270 km within a 2 dB overall DMG by optimizing the few-mode fiber length in the loop.

Wide-field linear structured illumination microscopy (LSIM) extends resolution beyond the diffraction limit by moving unresolvable high-frequency information into the passband of the microscopy in the form of moiré fringes. However, due to the diffraction limit, the spatial frequency of the structured illumination pattern cannot be larger than the microscopy cutoff frequency, which results in a twofold resolution improvement over wide-field microscopes. This Letter presents a novel approach in point-scanning LSIM, aimed at achieving higher-resolution improvement by combining stimulated emission depletion (STED) with point-scanning structured illumination microscopy (psSIM) (STED-psSIM). The according structured illumination pattern whose frequency exceeds the microscopy cutoff frequency is produced by scanning the focus of the sinusoidally modulated excitation beam of STED microscopy. The experimental results showed a 1.58-fold resolution improvement over conventional STED microscopy with the same depletion laser power.

以马赫-曾德尔干涉仪光开关单元组成的4×4 Benes光交换芯片为例，研究了光交换芯片中的相干问题。理论推导了光交换芯片输出端口与输入端口之间光场的变换关系，揭示了信号和串扰的产生规律，分析了光开关状态对串扰相干强度的影响。仿真研究表明：相干串扰对信号插损的影响可以忽略；在不同光开关组合状态下，光交换芯片的串扰波动可达7 dB。根据相干光束之间的相位关系，提出一种等效去除光交换芯片中串扰相干性的方法。另外，对串扰大小对通信误码率的影响进行了实验评估。

针对复杂光机系统设计中光瞳光轴位置的传递问题，构建了光瞳光轴镜耦合控制的算法模型以及实施控制的解析公式。依据耦合控制流程，阐述了解析公式中各系数的标定过程及其方法。同时通过搭建的试验光路，验证了上述模型及解析公式的合理性。结合探测器靶面上解算出的光瞳光轴光斑中心，通过光瞳光轴耦合镜各自两电机联动控制，可单步内实现光瞳光轴的快速耦合。执行3次不同控制策略下的光瞳光轴耦合，可使光瞳耦合精度达到近场光斑的0.2%，光轴耦合精度达到3 μrad。

为考察无需多输入多输出模分复用系统的高速信号传输能力，采用模式选择光子灯笼型模式复用/解复用器构建了2×100 Gb/s双偏振正交相移键控模分复用通信实验系统，系统中用到的少模偏振控制器状态可由LP₀₁和LP_11b两个模式信道的信串比参数准确表征。测试了系统误码率与信串比关系，实现两个信道纠后无误码传输的条件为信串比约大于8 dB。当两个信道的信串比分别为14.25 dB和13.81 dB时，与背对背收发系统相比，纠后无误码阈值（10^-2）的接收光功率代价分别为1.40 dB和4.76 dB。分析了光纤衰减、偏振模色散和模式串扰对高速传输系统的影响，估算了串扰受限系统可支持的少模光纤传输距离约为30 km。